Art Nouveau houses: features, projects, finishing technology

Do you want a house whose facade would combine the already established traditions of the classics and at the same time something modern? It's possible! Art Nouveau houses are an amazing combination of simplicity, modernity, beauty and lightness. And also - maximum functionality and nothing more.

Features of appearance

Homeland of architectural style modern is beautiful France. It originated and spread widely across Europe in the late 19th - early 20th centuries, approximately in 1980-1910. It was at this time that global changes were noted that affected all aspects of human life, including the design of the facades of houses.

By the way, the word "modern", if translated into Russian from French, means just "new art".

Note! In Russia only the term "modern" is used, but abroad the style has other names as well. These are Art Nouveau, Jugendstil, Liberty, Tiffany, etc. And because of the large number of names, a certain confusion arose. Some can imagine cubism, minimalism, European style under the Art Nouveau style.

Therefore, before developing a project, it is important to clarify with the architect what he understands by the term.

The main features of Art Nouveau are a minimum of sharp straight lines. They were replaced by more natural, smooth, natural ones. Almost no right angles are observed.

Differences between houses decorated in the Art Nouveau style from others:

• graceful curves and shapes of buildings;
• asymmetrical buildings;
• delicate colors of facade and interior decoration;
• the use of natural materials for decoration;
• a combination of flat surfaces and a beautiful discreet ornament.

Modern is the optimal combination of beauty and functionality. And, perhaps, that is why such houses are popular and in great demand. Buildings should not only be discreet, but at the same time perfectly decorated externally, special attention is also paid to the interior decoration and interior - furniture with smooth lines, mosaics, various surfaces are surprisingly harmoniously combined in this style. Balconies, door and window openings, various architectural elements must be separately designed and processed.

At the same time, buildings in the Art Nouveau style look quite expressive, do not get lost against the background of other buildings and nature.

Such a house will look good on an urban or rural street, and surrounded by fields and forests. The style is ideal for mansions, modest country houses and urban high-rise buildings - everywhere there is a design option for the building.

Architecture

The main feature of all houses in the Art Nouveau style is the lack of symmetry, a kind of flow of forms. Also, in the decoration, a floral motive is often traced.

Note! It is imperative that Art Nouveau houses blend in with their surroundings, be it urban or rural.

They and everything that surrounds them is a single composition.

Both the interior of the house and its appearance are the personification of chic and luxury, but to moderate strength. At the same time, the house can be made using straight lines, as well as with various bends, arches, irregularly shaped decorative elements. By the way, doorways, access to the balcony are often decorated with arches, and the balcony itself can also bend or have the shape of a polygon.

Windows, layout

Windows in houses are usually quite large.

Often there are buildings with panoramic, resembling shop windows and shopping centers. However, there may be small window openings, but they usually have an arched top or are decorated with floral designs.

Often, a modern-style house can be not just a living space, but a real complex that combines one roof and other buildings (for example, a garage). Moreover, all additional rooms will have the same exterior finish and harmonize with each other. Various terraces, verandas, balconies, often with glazing, also look nice and modern.

House in the German style

Architectural styles inherent in Western countries are now very popular among domestic developers. In elite Russian villages, you can increasingly see houses stylized as French Provence, English classics, luxurious Baroque or ultra-fashionable high-tech. But ordinary homeowners are especially fond of the German style.

Materials for creation

Simplicity and at the same time elegance can be given to Art Nouveau houses through the use of natural materials for their decoration / construction imitations, as well as modern ones, obtained using the latest production technologies. Innovative construction methods are also often used.

Such buildings are usually erected from a bar, SIP panels, metal, glass, reinforced concrete, and stone are used in large quantities to create.

Note! You can often find houses in the Art Nouveau style, made using frame technology. They have a solid steel base.

At the same time, conditionally modern-style houses can be divided into two categories:

• eco-houses , where wood is used for construction (often it is a bar ) or a frame construction technology is used;
• strong reinforced concrete or metal structures , the walls of which the owners are in no hurry to hide under a layer of decorative finishing materials. And the building gains a harmonious look thanks to the panoramic windows.

It is not necessary to use expensive materials for facade decoration - in this regard, modern as the style is very democratic and invites the owners to use such technologies for decorating the appearance of the house, for which large funds will not be spent, and most of the work can be done independently.

Colors

The color scheme used for the decoration of both the facade and the interior of Art Nouveau houses is shades that reflect purity and freshness, mutedness, monotony, less often - some harmonious contrast; so, the following colors can be used:

• brown-chocolate;
• sandy beige;
• olive;
• range of gray shades;
• pale lilac or muted red;
• blue;
• white.

At the same time, the colors in which the building itself is decorated, and its interior, and everything else that is associated with the buildings, should overlap in shades, harmonize with each other.

Variety

It is interesting that the "modern" style in the design of houses is very diverse and multifaceted. One of the first to actively develop building projects in this direction was the Belgian architect Victor Orta, who focused on the use of metal and glass.

The buildings built according to his designs often had such an unusual shape that they resembled some kind of plants brought from another world. Also, a great contribution to the development of this architectural direction was made by the Frenchman Hector Guimard, including he was engaged in the design of the entrances to the metro in Paris. And the buildings, built according to the designs of the Spaniard Antoni Gaudí, fit so optimally into the environment that they seemed really created by nature itself. And so there was another branch of the development of the style. Thus, one can only wonder how diverse and unusual the Art Nouveau style is.

Table. Subtypes of Art Nouveau in architecture.

Finishing the facade of the house in the "modern" style

In addition to the forms of the structure, the style sets it in many ways and finishing. Art Nouveau facades are characterized by the presence of flat and monochromatic plastered or wooden surfaces, finishing of the basement with stone (wild or decorative - it doesn't matter), mosaic patterns in small quantities, finishing of windows with patterned floral ornaments. Various columns, moldings, cornices, alternating with smooth plastered walls are popular with designers.

Most types of facade decoration can be done by hand without resorting to help specialists. At the same time, almost any structure can be decorated in a modern style.

Surface preparation

To start finishing the facade of the house and stylizing its appearance in modern style, it is necessary to carry out various preparatory work. So, the wooden facade is examined for damage, if necessary, it is repaired, and then the darkened wood surface is treated with special bleaching agents. Old paint is removed from window frames with a grinder or sandpaper.

Exfoliated plaster layers are removed from the concrete surface, the surface is leveled. This is especially important if the house will be plastered again. In the area of ​​the plinth, which will be covered with a stone, only the completely falling off plaster is removed, the rest may remain. All deep cracks must be sealed with cement mortar.

Further, any - both concrete and wooden - surface, as well as the basement area are primed (the choice of primer depends from a specific material).

In this case, priming should be carried out in at least two layers, the walls are well dried after each application.

Prices for deep penetration primer

Deep penetration primer

Facade decoration

You can decorate the facade of a house in a modern style in many ways. For example, wooden - just paint. Another method that is suitable for concrete surfaces is plastering. In this case, the plaster is applied to the previously prepared surface in an even layer.

It is important to work quickly enough and accurately, as mortars usually dry quickly in the open air.

But plaster may not look like itself at all. There are methods that will allow you to turn a house from concrete into a wooden one using special materials and tools. And the base can be repaired with stones.

Decorative plastering "under a tree"

Step 1.

First of all, prepare a plaster solution for finishing the surface according to the instructions on the package (for example, KNAUF Unterputz facade plaster is used as follows: pour the contents of a bag (25 kg) into a container with 4.5-5.0 l of clean cold water and mix with a construction mixer until a homogeneous mass without lumps is obtained, stand for 5 minutes and mix again. If necessary, add water or dry mixture and mix again).

Knauf-Unterputz, facade cement plaster.

Technical sheet. Download file (click on the link to open the PDF file in a new window).

KNAUF -Unterputz

Price for a construction mixer

Construction mixer

So, you should get a mass of uniform consistency. In order to end up with a wood-like pattern on the surface of the finishing material, a special mixture and a matrix with a pattern are purchased.

Step 2.

The plaster is applied to the prepared wall surface with a smooth float, which should be held at a slight angle to the surface.

Step 3. Next, a comb structure is formed on the surface using a trowel with teeth about 10-12 mm.

Step 4. After that, the plaster layer is leveled to approximately 4 mm thickness.

Step 5. As soon as the plaster dries slightly, the formation of the surface structure "under tree". For this, a silicone matrix is ​​used, treated with a special lubricant to prevent adhesion.

Step 6. Brush lubricate evenly onto the matrix.

Further, the latter is folded into a neat roll with a pattern outward.

Step 7. The drawing "under the tree" is done as follows: the matrix is ​​applied with an impression to the dried plaster, and the sealing movements are carefully made on the surface with a roller.

Tip! To prevent the drawing from repeating itself, the matrix is ​​periodically turned over or displaced.

Step 8.

Between the "boards" immediately after drawing the drawing seams are formed with the help of a long strip.

Step 9. After the plaster is dry , all sharp corners and edges are removed with sandpaper.

Step 10. Before the color impregnation is applied, giving the "wood" color, the plastered surface is cleaned of dust with a brush.

The impregnation is mixed before use and then applied with a brush to the surface of the facade. You need to apply the drug in two layers. The wall is painted for the second time after 24 hours after applying the first layer.

Step 11. A sponge, which is used to process the newly painted one, will help to emphasize the naturalness of the wood surface.

Lead the sponge with stroking movements along the "wooden board".

Video - Decorating plaster "imitating wood"

Prices for various types of decorative plaster

Decorative plaster

Stone laying (decoration of the basement)

Wild stone is a beautiful and popular type of decoration for the front of a building. Due to the high cost, it is rarely used to decorate the walls completely, but for the basement of the building it is often used. Wild stone is a material created by nature itself and it is easy and pleasant to work with it.

Step 1.

The mortar is applied to the prepared surface of the basement using a spatula.

Step 2. The solution is also applied in a thick layer to the surface of the wildest stone.

Step 3. The stone is applied to the wall in its lower part with the applied solution and presses against it.

Step 4. Using a small spatula, the solution is applied to the edges of the laid stone ...

Step 5.

The second stone is prepared and pressed against the wall close to first.

Step 6. Repeating points 1-5, the entire basement part is drawn up. The excess overflow solution is removed. After drying, the seams are cleaned with a brush.

Video - Making the base with a wild stone

With the help of simple methods, you can turn a nondescript residential building into an Art Nouveau building. The main thing is to put a little effort and effort into this and take into account the main design features. After the walls are finished, you can start decorating the window and door openings. And here modern also gives an opportunity to show imagination and try yourself as a designer.