device and system + Photo and Video

Internal drain, device and system + Photo and Video. Depending on the region and its characteristics, financial situation and the needs of the building, you can mount various internal drainage systems .

We invite you to find out how the internal drain is installed in multi-storey buildings, what is the system of work and SNiP norms.

What is a drain

Definition

A drain is a device / system consisting of various pipes, risers , gutters and funnels, which are needed to drain water from the roof, windows and walls of the building. The device of an internal drain is necessary not only for a comfortable life, but also for maintaining the strength and durability of the building, as well as protecting the foundation from flooding.

In some conditions, the installation of a drain is impossible, for example, the house has a low and wide roof, or the building has an excellent drainage system of the foundation.

Sometimes drain structures are not installed in residential premises that have a pitched roof, since water flows down due to physically natural factors. But most often, drainage systems are already introduced into the project at home in advance and installed in almost all household and industrial structures.

Types of gutters

There are two main types of drainage projects - external and internal gutters. The name already makes it clear that the difference is only in the principle of installation.

The outdoor system is wall-mounted and easy to maintain and install. The internal drainage system must be cut into the side edges of the structure, and is often decorated with sandwich panels, siding or soft bituminous tiles. Indoor gutters are usually used in industrial premises and high-rise buildings.

The advantages of internal drainage:

1. The exterior of the house is not disturbed . You can install the downpipe so that it won't even be visible.

2. Convenient water withdrawal , the efficiency is several times higher than in external analogs.
3. It can be arranged so that the water outlet is directly into the drainage system , and you do not need to install external sewer pipes. This is a great option for industrial buildings, since water will not accumulate, the foundation will not leak and there is no unpleasant odors at all.

Insufficient internal drain:

1. Installation complexity . Going from an external drain to an internal one is not an easy task, and you will need to disassemble part of the roof, and you will also need a specialist who will do everything correctly and without violations of the norms.

2. Difficulty leaving . If the external system can be cleaned with a special brush, then in the case of an internal drain, you will have to dismantle the structure from time to time, as well as remove floors, etc.

Components of the gutter

The internal gutter is represented by nodes of pipes, rosettes, grates and slopes.Companies that are engaged in the production of such systems can make a gutter to order according to the project, and perform in the configuration that you need. You bring a project, agree with engineering professionals and place an order.

Typical internal drains are made from alloy steel, PVC and aluminum. Plastic pipes are durable and lightweight, do not corrode, but their disadvantage is that they can collapse from a strong flow of water, since they are not designed for large volumes. In this regard, metal pipes are better, which are wear-resistant and easily tolerate physical influences, but when water is removed, they will make loud sounds due to the fact that water will hit the metal at an angle of 90 degrees.

The most beautiful plums are copper ones, but their price is quite high. This is perhaps the most expensive internal drainage system, but no other can be compared with it in terms of durability and aesthetics, since copper is resistant to everything, and even to acid rain, which is often found in areas with industrial enterprises.

Copper with a wooden coating on a gazebo, terrace or decorative balcony will look much more interesting.

Previously, cast iron pipes were actively used, but due to their weight, it was necessary to puzzle over how to create strong rafters.

Sandwich panels or sandwich sheets can be used to mask the internal drain. We advise not only to think over the installation system, but also how you will later remove it and the covering surfaces, as well as valves and hooks for cleaning the gutter. Pipes for this type of drain can be of different cross-sections.

Usually, a rectangular profile is used, which has excellent bearing capacity, is easy to maintain and can be easily dismantled if necessary. There are also hemispherical and round profiles, which are usually used for decorative finishing, where appearance is more important than quality indicators.

Schematic representation of an internal gutter

A properly designed internal gutter has the following structure: the roof has a slope (which is calculated by the roof area ), so that the water flows down to the water intake funnel. From the funnel, the liquid enters the pipes or drainage sockets, and from them it is removed outside the building.

The structural features of the internal drainage system are as follows:

1. Water intake.

   There are two types - cap and flat. The first is installed on a roof with a slope, and flat ones on a flat roof.

2. Pipes that are needed to evenly distribute rainwater between gutters.
3. Wells that clean the system and with which you can check the functionality.
4. We attach the drain to the trays.

5. Collectors.
6. Additions in the form of fasteners, hangers, corners, sockets, etc.

Before starting the installation of any type of drain, you must check if your scheme is in compliance with SNiP.

According to the rules, the outlets of the drain pipes must enter the sewer pipe to avoid flooding the base of the building. A funnel is a prefabricated structure that has a body, a cover, fasteners and a grid.

The body has a cylindrical shape (sometimes with edges), due to which the device has a high level of strength. The most common are cast-iron funnels for internal drainage, for example, Technicol products.

How to install the internal drainage system

1. The inlet is placed evenly along the length, while the ideal distance should be calculated first.
2. Place the receiving devices at a slight angle relative to the sloped roof.
3. This rule can be used even when installing an external drain.

   Install the funnels at a distance of no more than 18 meters from each other, otherwise you can reduce the stability of the structure.

4. Storm nodes must be at least 1 meter apart.
5. Place the roof outlets at right angles.
6. A metal drain must be equipped with heating, since when the winter period begins, the pipes will freeze and may break due to ice pressure.
7. Additional elements are attached to a special device, and depending on the shape of the roof and the type of covering - hooks, loops, brackets, etc.

When installing in a cottage, where the distance between different roofs is more than 4 meters, you need to install different drainage pipes.

Results

Waterproofing is also important. Each joint must be covered with a sealing compound that will protect against leaks. After the installation is completed, the installation of metal tiles, slate or profiled sheet is carried out in order to protect the system from contamination, and you can begin to use the drain.

We recommend that you prepare a work plan in advance so that you can draw up an estimate, as well as remember the installation principle and, if necessary, eliminate defects at the design stage.