How to build an incubator with your own hands - step by step instructions
An incubator is an essential tool for a farmer with both large and small farms. Modern devices are very expensive, since farm owners need to create units that can be made with their own hands.
Making an incubator with your own hands at home will not be difficult, and you can choose a simple device that does not require a huge number of materials, so it will not hit the budget.
The main differences will lie in the number of eggs in the tray, the level of control automation and the dimensions of the device. Household appliances are designed to hatch chicks in an incubator in numbers from 25-50 chicks, another up to 1000, and industrial devices are designed to provide the required climate for thousands or even hundreds of thousands of eggs.
Process incubators for chicks are equipped with automatic humidity and temperature controllers, ventilation system, turntables, egg sensors and gas analyzers. Sizes start at the level of boxes of household appliances, and end with rooms the size of a two-story house.
Devices can be divided into the following types:
First, you need to determine the place, and then the dimensions for the future product. For this, it is important to consider the basic design of a home egg incubator. It will look like a box that contains the following components:
This is far from the only method of building a homemade incubator. The heat source can be located anywhere, or even completely removed to an additional chamber. Next, it is important to draw up a drawing.
Incubation of artificial type
During the incubation period, all rules of procedure must be followed. All non-compliance with strict conditions will cause the death of the embryo.
An increase in temperature by even a couple of degrees can kill the embryo. Excessive airing will begin to dry out the shell, which, when hardened, begins to interfere with hatching. Duck eggs, as well as from geese and quails, have certain incubation conditions.
Advantages and disadvantages
The first advantage is the ability to assemble a tool of a productive size, which is designed for the number of eggs from several tens to thousands. The second plus can be called the fact that its creation can be much more profitable if the shed contains such things as regulators, sensors and various building materials.
The manufacture will require a lot of consumables (rails, heaters, screws, sealants, tubes, washers, bolts and cables). For this reason, the final cost can skyrocket to a purchased product. For example, the price of incubators for hatching chickens, which are designed for the number of eggs from 2 to 80 pieces, will cost approximately 1900-2250 rubles. A hand-made device needs improvement - how to find the correct position of the fans and lamps so that the space is heated evenly, find out the amount of water in the bathroom in order to maintain a strictly deduced humidity rate, and ventilation should not lead to uncontrolled temperature jumps. Calibrating a homemade incubator can be time consuming.
The last drawback is the appearance of fires. In a handicraft way, hastily made devices can malfunction, and this constantly becomes the cause of fire. For this reason, hatch chicks with care.
What incubators to make at home
You can build an incubator with your own hands at home using different methods. The network most often has descriptions for such homemade egg products:
Whichever incubator is chosen for manufacturing, there are problems that are important to familiarize yourself with in advance:
- Small holes will not provide sufficient ventilation, but can no longer keep moisture levels and lead to temperature fluctuations. You need to find your own balance for a specific device, and adjustable holes can help with this.
- A low temperature level can be corrected by insulation rather than adding heating elements.
- Humidity will be blown out into crevices much sooner than warmth. Sealing is the correct way to preserve it.
- Adequate ventilation is required to avoid choking eggs.
- Incorrect placement of elements - the heater closest to the tray or installation of an insufficient number for uniform heating of the entire volume, which is why the temperatures differ in different parts of the modes, and the air flows that blow on the eggs and dry them out; incorrect setting of heat sensors, as well as humidity regulators.
- Hygiene of the space inside.
Next, we will consider three types of home incubators.
So, consider the device of an ordinary box incubator, which is designed for a hundred eggs. This is the cheapest and easiest option. The list of materials is as follows:
5 meters.
P step-by-step instructions:
A fan is installed there, which will act as a mixer, which distributes the heated air evenly. For this reason, the rotational speed should be low, that is, less than a thousand revolutions, and the blades must be of a straight type. It is also required to put containers with water and a humidity measuring device at the bottom, make four 2 cm holes in the bottom to suck in fresh air.
25 meters, you need to put a tray. Holders can be made like slats. Which are glued along the contour of the box, and support beams in the corners. On the side of the box, you can make a door to change the water and turn the eggs with your own hands, and here, in the area of the tray, moisture and temperature sensors are carried out.
They are small, will easily crawl into gaps or crevices, and at the bottom of the bathtub with water.
The device is quite simple, and the non-fixed position of the elements from the bottom makes it possible to finely adjust the heat distribution over the box volume. The disadvantage of a cardboard incubator will be rapid heat loss while the heaters are turned off.One should not forget about the cost, because from scratch even cardboard options will cost 1400 rubles.
Expanded polystyrene incubators combine practicality, convenience and a reasonable price. For this reason, they are most often used by farmers. Consider creating an example of an incubator, which is designed for about 15 chicken eggs. The list of materials is as follows:
- Thermal foam container with a volume of 10 liters and a wall thickness of 3 cm.
- Lamps and 40W socket.
- Hygrometer with sensor.
- Thermal regulator.
- PC power supply.
- The estimated price is 1500 rubles.
Step-by-step instructions:
A good adhesive, sealant or screws with washers are used. That being said, it is important to learn the techniques of folding the boxes in order to end up with a strong insulated container.
A bathtub with water will also be installed.
The main disadvantage of such an incubator is that the pores of the material begin to clog with dirt, and therefore bacteria can multiply on its surface. It is almost impossible to wash off the dirt. For this reason, with each further incubation, the hatching process may decrease, and the risk of infection of the chicks will increase.
You can make an incubator with your own hands at home from the refrigerator. Working with such a material requires more skill than foam or cardboard, as well as construction tools. The body makes it possible to design different types of incubators.Two-chamber (the heating of cool air will occur in the freezing compartment and enters the main one), with timers, automatic trays, PC control, and more.
There is no point in making a small device for 150 eggs when this device can be made from plywood or foam.
Refrigerators can be used for 1000-2000 eggs with automated parameter control. This device will be much more expensive.
For this reason, a person who is not engaged in the manufacture of incubators, it will be safer to purchase a ready-made version of the farm type or make it to order. Take a look at an example of a 1300 egg incubator.
Above is a panel with built-in sensor displays, buttons and a fully automated system for monitoring the environment inside.
For example, it can urgently release heat or humidity when exceeded. An incubator needs 300 to 600 watts to operate. There are two fans inside for air circulation. On the bottom right, there are blowdown valves that facilitate emergency regulation. There are also symmetrically located baths with water, and there are two of them, because humid air is heavier than usual and it tries to settle.
Incubators help to bypass the difficult natural incubation of eggs - to monitor the health of chickens, the size of clutches, the season. To hatch chicks, strictly observed conditions of heat, ventilation and humidity are required.
Posted By: Work Style |05, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |01, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |08, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |08, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |05, Nov 2020