Floor plan of the second floor in a private house

Drawings and diagrams stairs on the second floor

Ladder drawings that are on the Web make it possible easily select suitable materials. But each house has certain design features. For this reason, ready-made solutions are not always suitable, and a do-it-yourself drawing of a staircase to the second floor will become a special source of pride for the owner in front of neighbors, relatives and friends.

Structural varieties, fasteners, choice of materials

Before starting the design, it is imperative to resolve the issue with the type of construction. Conventionally, the following options can be distinguished:

1. Straight lines are the simplest model for making calculations and installation.

   And during operation, such structures (subject to building codes) are the safest and most convenient. They need a lot of space for their installation.

2. Swivel with a platform - such structures are installed in order to partially reduce the footprint and ensure safe, comfortable movement. Additional convenience will be provided by a turntable, on which you can freely disperse in oncoming traffic and rest when lifting. The turn can be 90 and 180 degrees, and staircase projects in a country house can have 2-3 flights of stairs.

3. Zabezhnye rotary - a view of the previous version, only instead of platforms, steps are installed. Treads for such constructions have the shape of a truncated triangle. A more difficult option for counting and installation, but it makes it possible to save extra 2 m ² .
4. Screw - the most compact designs. They are installed in houses with a small area, and they can be used as an additional device to the main staircase.

   It is recommended to install it in a house with an opening of up to 3 meters. Not the safest and most convenient option.

5. Radial and curvilinear structures are more difficult structures, the installation and development of which is better to trust specialists.

An important option for the choice of drawings or design will be the option of the supporting structure for the staircase:

• Bolts (from it. "Bolts") - fastening is made exclusively to the wall (we recommend brick base).

  Such structures look simple, easy, and can also withstand the required load.

• Through post - usually used for spiral type stairs as the main support. For swivel models, it can be used as an additional stand.
• Bowstring - made of a pair of guide-type side profiles, to which the steps are attached. To do this, grooves are made from the inside of the beams for them.

  In structures of this type, the sidewalls of the degrees are closed by means of guide profiles.

• Kosour - it is similar to the previous type of construction, but the profiles along the upper part have a figured ridge, cut to fit the dimensions of the steps (depth and height).In such stairs, the sides of the tread and the riser (vertical and horizontal stepped element) are visible from the side.

The material is chosen taking into account the design that is planned and the general interior design. There are no restrictions in this area.

The combination method is often used - metal as the supporting part of the structure, and wood, glass, ceramic tiles, the rest as steps.

Details

Parameters for drawing up

First you need to determine the location of the planned structure and do the following types measurements:

1. The height of the opening - the finished floor of the second and first floors is used as a base. The distance from one to the second is the required parameter.
2. Opening width - it is important to note the fact that it can be of different configurations, from the most popular (rectangular) to curly (oval, circle or other unusual design). This characteristic significantly affects the choice of design.

3. Height from floor to ceiling of the first floor - in the future this makes it possible to calculate the height of the passage and competently design and construct a staircase on the second floor in a private house.

Draw a scale plan of the first floor of a country house. The place is determined at the beginning of the stairs, mark the length of the march along the floor. If the layout on the ground floor in the location of the structure has ledges, window and door openings, communications, niches, then they must be drawn on a diagram with a link to the supporting structures. This helps to prevent them from overlapping during design.

The more dimensions and elements in the plan, the less problems there will be during installation.

Before drafting, it is necessary to carefully study the building codes for creating stairs:

• The width, depth and height of the steps along the total structural length must not change. This will ensure safe and comfortable driving.
• The width of the staircase opening for straight flights should be from 0. 9 meters, for spiral buildings from 0.

  8 meters.

• The height of the fence is from 0. 9 to 1.2 meters. It is better if it is on two staircase sides.

• The depth of straight-type steps is optimal when the size is from 0.2 to 0.4 meters (ideally from 0.2 to 0.32 meters).

  For foreign structures, the narrow part should be at least 0. 1 meter, wide up to 0.4 meters, and in the middle 0.25 meters. Overhang of treads up to 5 cm is permissible.

• The height of the steps should be from 0. 1 to 0. 18 meters.
• Tilt angle up to 45 degrees.
• If the staircase will go directly to the door, then it is required to make an additional platform with a width of at least 1 meter.

• The optimal number of steps for one march is 18, and for winders, 16.
• The height of the passage is from 2 meters (we are talking about the minimum distance from the steps to the ceiling on the second floor).
• Thickness of construction material.

Good staircase drawings can only be made on the basis of the listed characteristics and further calculations. Each type of construction has certain features.

Methods of obtaining a calculation

You can also single out various methods for drawing up project documentation:

• With your own hands - perform calculations and do staircase drawings for simple structures (rotary and straight with a platform) are within the power of most. It is better to entrust the more difficult options to experienced specialists.
• Ladder design software - enables detailed design, visualization of the building prior to installation, and making adjustments. Using 3D pictures, you can see how the stairs fit into the house interior. In this case, it may take a couple of days to master the software.

• Ready-made solutions - ladder drawings, which are presented on the Web, can be offered with or without detail. It is important to check such projects for compliance with building codes and calculations. For advice, you can contact the specialists. This will be much cheaper than making adjustments at the time of installation. There is another subtlety - it is important to understand how the finished solution fits into the installation site in terms of parameters.

• Online calculators - These are offered by specific developers and manufacturers. Similar softwares are ways to calculate and automatically generate drawings based on the entered data. Such programs display a list of tips for changing parameters if they are out of specification. The disadvantage is that the design is not aligned with the layout of the house on two floors.
• Referring to specialists - this method is considered the cheapest and most convenient.

Due to the fact that experience and professional skills make it possible to carry out the correct calculation, drawings of stairs, taking into account the interior features. Detailing and advice on materials are presented that will ensure aesthetics, durability, reliability, comfort and safety of the finished structure. Everyone chooses the method of obtaining the documentation of the designers independently, and if there is time and effort, then you can manually prepare a diagram, as well as detailing the stairs.

Ladder drawings

Ladder diagrams to the second floor can be prepared independently, but then it is important to understand that each type of staircase has its own design features ..

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Straight

The most convenient and simple type of construction, because making drawings and calculations is not difficult even for inexperienced carpenters. It is required to calculate the span length, number of steps, height and depth. It is also important to decide on the width of the stairs. Decide how many marches there will be by the number of steps.

If the number is more than 18, we advise you to equip the site. It needs to be placed in the middle, bottom or top of the stairs. In addition to the main sections, structural details must be carefully calculated and drawn.For a straight march, such fixation methods are used - bowstring, stringers and bolts.

Turning with platforms

Ladders of this type can be with two or three flights.

The placement of sites will largely depend on the characteristics of the room and the calculated data of the passage, the height and width of the opening. It is also allowed to use structures with bottom transition, top and middle. The first couple of options can be considered ideal in terms of safety and comfort, because they will be perfectly visible from different altitudes. During the design process, it is required to understand that the dimensions of the site should not be less than the width of the supplied span. Such fixation systems are recommended - bowstring, stringers, bolts combined with a support stand.

Calculations are made according to special formulas.

Staircase with winders

Such structures are difficult to design with your own hands. It is best to entrust it to specialists. If you nevertheless decide to use your strength, you can use design programs or an online calculator, which automatically gives out detailing and a drawing. But you will need to manually link the diagram to the building plan.

For manual design, you can use the proportion method. There are three more methods (sweep, Danish and line lifting), but they are much more difficult to construct and perceive. The main problem in the design process is to calculate the shape and number of winders. Their configuration may sometimes differ, and the fastening system will be similar to the previous version.

Screw

How to make data calculations for spiral staircase? Yes, it will be conducted according to a different formula, but the main requirements for ergonomics will remain the same.

For the convenience of calculations and design, an example is used. Opening height H = 2. 8 meters, the width of the stairs (marked as S) is 1 meter, and the diameter of the support pillar (marked d) is 0.2 meters.

• Calculate the diameter of the structure as a whole (D = 2 * S + d), you get 2.

  2 meters.

• Draw a circle with the obtained diameter, and calculate the radius (R = D / 2): 2. 2/2, and you get 1.1 meter.
• In the center of the resulting circle, write a circle with a diameter of 0.

  2 meters, and to calculate the radius use the previous formula (0.2 / 2 = 0.1 meters).

• Draw a circle with radius R1, this will be the middle line in the plan of climbing the stairs. In other words, the middle of the steps, R1 = S / 2 + r, which is 0.

  6 meters. The optimum width for a run-in tread at this distance is 0.25 meters.

• Calculate the number of steps, n = 2ΠR1 / s = 15 steps.
• A circle with a radius R1 must be divided into 15 equal parts.

• A full turn is from 1.9 to 2 meters and this is the normal range. For example, take 2 meters, and the thickness of the step will be 5 cm. In this case, the height of a complete turn will be 2.05 meters.

• The tread height will be calculated like this - h = H1 / n, and the result is 13.7 cm.The height obtained in this way is within the ideal regulatory range.
• The total number of steps is calculated in a simple way, and the height of the opening will be divided by the height of the step, and 20 are obtained. The leveling of the number of steps is done by changing the height of the first step.

  This parameter needs to be adjusted on site during installation.

Calculation of stairs in a house to the second floor for design and construction standards make it possible to disassemble drawings and detailing of stairs of different types as accurately as possible. For difficult curly-type structures with winders, it is better to contact professionals, and they will select and install the most suitable option.