Heating a private house and power calculation: Instruction + Video

Heating a private house and power calculation: Instruction + Video Calculation of heating in a private house: what to consider, features, calculator. Calculation of the heating power of a private house is one of the most important tasks during its construction or overhaul. Calculations are best done when planning, and you can get some help when using online calculators.

There are a huge number of calculators to calculate fuel consumption, stove power, as well as the ventilation system, chimney section, performance of the mixer unit for underfloor heating, and more.

General information

But here it is worth considering that they can show only an approximate result, since they are able to perform calculations only for the simplest structures.
In fact, when calculating heating, a huge number of nuances should be taken into account. This should be done in order to correctly calculate the costs of the heating system and in the future not to suffer from a lack / excess of heat in the house, as well as to avoid unnecessary expenses for heating. Yes, as you can see, when choosing a boiler for a house, all parameters should be taken into account - both heating equipment and a residential building.

Heating calculation - what should be calculated

In order to calculate heating in a private house, you should calculate the power of the heating boiler, and also decide where radiators are placed and how many there will be, take into account some weather factors, as well as thermal insulation and material for the manufacture of the boiler and pipes.

Please note that the comfort of living in your house will directly depend on this, since it is the correctness of the calculations that will directly affect the quality of heating.

In addition, such calculations will become the basis for the budget laid down for installation work and the further operation of the entire heating system. It is at this stage that you will need to decide how much money you will spend on heating your home. When you start calculating, you should remember the climatic conditions in which the region of your residence is located and the conditions in which the house will be used.

The heating system includes not only batteries and a stove, but also:

Heating boiler.
Pipes for piping.
Pump (station).
Control devices.
Radiators.
In some cases, expansion tank.

You can now proceed to direct power calculation.

Calculation of the power of heating devices

Before you start calculating heating in a private house, and in particular the power of the system, you should decide what type of boiler will be used. Heating boilers have different efficiency factors, and this will determine not only the level of heat release,

but also financial support for the operation of the device in the future:

Electric boilers.
Gas boilers.
Oil fired boilers.
Solid fuel boilers.
Combined boiler type (from electricity and solid fuel).

When you choose a type of boiler, you should decide what capacity it should have. The performance of the system as a whole will depend on this. The calculation of the power of the boiler for heating water is performed taking into account the amount of heat energy required for each 1 m ³.

So, a calculator will help you to calculate the volume of heated rooms:

Bedroom # 1 - 9 m ² * 3m = 27 m ³.
Bedroom # 2 - 11 m ² * 3m = 33 m ³.
Bedroom # 3 - 16 m ² * 3m = 48 m ³.
Living room - 24 m ² * 3m = 72 m ³.
Corridor - 5 m ² * 3m = 15 m ³.
Kitchen - 11 m ² * 3m = 33 m ³.
Sanitary unit - 7 m ² * 3m = 21 m ³.

Please note, that each of the rooms should be taken into account for the calculation, even if you do not plan to install heating radiators everywhere.

After that, it is required to sum up the results obtained, and display the volume of the house (total indicator), in our case it is 249 m ³. When calculating, you should definitely take into account the transitions and volumes of rooms, even if you do not plan to install heating appliances in them, for example, a pantry, an entrance hall, a corridor. This is required so that the heat from radiators installed in other parts of the house is sufficient to warm up the entire house.

Interesting, that when calculating the heating system, it is also important to take into account the local climate, that is, the climatic zone and outdoor temperature in winter.

We suggest taking an arbitrary indicator for a place of residence of 50 W / m ³ and the volume of a house of 249 m ³ that you plan to heat. So, the calculation of the power: 50 W * 249m ³ = 12 450 W. Further, the result is multiplied by a factor of 1.2 and we calculate the boiler power ~ 15 kW (14.

94). This factor makes it possible to add up to 20% of the reserve capacity to the boiler. It will enable the boiler to work in energy saving mode, as well as avoid large overloads.

The correction for the coefficient for climatic conditions can vary from 0. 75 in the south of Russia to 2.

0 in the northern region. The coefficient 1. 2 indicated by us is typical for the central part of Russia. In order to get preliminary results of the boiler and its required power, you can multiply the area of the room by the climate factor and divide the result by 10.

Which pipes are best suited for the heating main

Moreover, in order to calculate the power of the boiler, it is required to choose the right pipes and calculate the heating radiators in a private house.

At the moment, the market offers various types of pipes for heating systems made of materials such as:

Polypropylene (without reinforcement, with reinforcement).
Polyethylene.
Steel.
Copper.
Stainless steel

Yes, you can take different pipes for heating in the house, but it is important to take into account the peculiarities of the selected types.

Each of them has its own nuances that should be taken into account when calculating heating and developing a heating plan in a private house:

Steel pipes are universal in use and can withstand pressure up to 25 atm, but have one big, significant drawback - they are prone to corrosion and have a limited service life. In addition, it is often difficult to install them.
Polypropylene pipes, as well as elements made of XLPE and composite metal-plastic, are easy to install, and due to their low weight, they can be installed even on thin walls. The advantage of such pipes is that they do not rot, rust and do not react to bacteria. Another indicator is that they do not begin to expand from heat and do not deteriorate even from frost.
Such pipes are able to withstand a constant temperature of 90 degrees and a short-term temperature rise of up to 110 degrees.
Copper pipes are characterized by increased installation requirements and high prices, but in terms of strength they will compete with plastic pipes, since they are not subject to corrosion and are considered the best option. In addition, copper is a ductile metal that conducts heat well and can maintain the temperature of water in pipes from -200 to +250 degrees. This ability of the material helps to protect the system from possible freezing, which is very important in Siberia and the northern regions.

How to calculate the optimal amount and volume of a heat exchanger

When calculating the number of radiators that will be required to heat a house, it is important to consider what material the heaters are made of.

On the modern market of household devices, there are three types of metal radiators:

Aluminum.
Cast iron.
Bimetallic type alloy.

Each species has its own characteristics. Aluminum and cast iron, for example, have the same heat output, but aluminum is different in that it cools very quickly, and cast iron heats up very slowly, but at the same time it is able to retain heat for a long time.
Bimetallic radiators heat up quickly and cool down more slowly than aluminum structures.

When calculating the required number of heaters, several other nuances should be taken into account:

Thermal insulation of walls and floors helps to retain up to 30% heat.
Corner rooms are much cooler than steel rooms and require a lot of radiators.
The use of high-quality glass units for windows helps to save up to 15% of thermal energy.
Up to 1/4 of all thermal energy can be lost through the roof.

If calculations are made according to all norms of SNiP, then for heating 1 m ³ 100 W of heat is required, which means that 40 m ³ volumes require 4 kW ...If an 8-section device made of a bimetallic alloy will emit 110 W, then using a standard calculator we calculate: 4000 W / 110 = 36.4.

Now round the resulting number up and get 37 radiators. But in a private house, you can independently regulate the temperature. It is believed that each battery generates 140 watts of heat, and then in terms of conversion it turns out 4000/140 = 28.6. When we round up, we get 29 radiators.

Conclusion

Installation and calculation of heating in a private house is the most important component of the conditions for comfortable living in it. For this reason, the calculation of heating in a private house should be approached wisely, and also take into account many factors and related nuances. The online calculator will help you quickly and on average to compare different construction technologies with each other. In other cases, competent calculations are required, as well as correct processing of the results and accounting for errors.

No program can cope with such a task, since they have only general formulas, and the calculators that are on the Internet serve to facilitate the calculation and cannot guarantee accuracy.

In order to get correct and accurate calculations, entrust this work to specialists who will take into account all your wishes, technical indicators of devices and materials and your capabilities.