How to install a stove in a bath with a firebox with your own hands: Review + Video

Installing the stove in the bath is a very important component. There may be several options. It is important before installation, or better before building a bath, to decide on the place, the design of the unit.

In addition, fire safety rules in accordance with SNiP 2. 04.

05-91 must be observed. Installation will depend on the task of the stove, weight, it may be necessary to additionally strengthen the foundation.

Most often, when equipping a bath, the choice falls on metal structures. This is due to the fact that the metal is relatively cheap, does not require knowledge and special skills during installation. Such ovens are popular today.

In order for the installation to correspond to safe conditions and create comfort, the installation of the stove in the bath must be done correctly. You can do it yourself without difficulty.

General information about the furnace in the bath

Brick furnace unit is assembled from refractory fireclay bricks and lined with ceramics. It will take at least two hours and a lot of firewood to warm up the bathhouse. These are the disadvantages of a brick oven.

In addition, you need to have special knowledge.

Advantages and disadvantages of an iron furnace

Metal heats up quickly and increases heat accumulation. Such stoves in the bath are economical and quickly assembled. In addition, the installation effort is low. Metal structures are compact and lightweight.

Due to the tightness, the stoves are safer and reduce carbon monoxide leakage.

Among the minuses, it can be noted that the metal cools down quickly and heats up the room unevenly. However, if you mount a brick case, then the problem of temperature distribution will be solved.

Place for the stove

The key to efficient heating of the steam room in the correct location of the stove structure. When solving this issue, many factors should be taken into account:

1. - the size of the stove - is selected for the bath area;
2. - heating rate - the time required to warm up the room;
3. - the volume of steam received - it is affected by the heating rate;
4. - fuel consumption - can be heated with wood, coal, gas, pellets;
5. - safety;
6. - ventilation;
7. - free access to the furnace;
8. - combustion products outlet.

There must be additional rooms in the form of a dressing room, a recreation room, a shower room, a changing room and a pool are being built by their own decision. The heat from the stove should go to most rooms, so you need to install it so that at least 2 rooms are warm.

Heat must move freely, for this it is necessary to give free space for warm air masses. To get more oxygen into the firebox, it is installed at floor level or slightly lower.

Fuel loading place

The ideal option is considered when the stove is selected even before the construction of the bath.

In other cases, it will be necessary to adjust the building environment. When buying a stove, you should answer the question: Where will it be heated? There are two options.

1. In the steam room . With this approach, it is necessary to effectively equip the ventilation system, since oxygen will be actively combusted with an open furnace. In addition, you need to provide a place for firewood.

   If the room is small, then this will cause some difficulties. During the winter months, you will need to consider adding additional heating to the other rooms in the sauna. Among the minuses is the fact that dirt constantly remains on the floor. The advantage of installing a stove in the steam room is that, without leaving it, you can regulate the combustion process, traction, and open the doors. When the door is made of tempered glass, you can admire the flames.

2. In the adjacent room - in the dressing room or rest room. This method is much more efficient.
   

   The remote firebox allows:
   - to keep oxygen in the steam room;
   - to increase the space and maintain cleanliness;
   - to deliver heat at once in several rooms of the bath.

   In the case when a furnace with a remote firebox was not provided during the construction, it is required to install the walls. This option is the best and much safer, since oxygen is not burned out by the flame, the bath remains clean and space is significantly saved.

3. The oven door faces the street . This option is suitable for a tiny bathhouse or for seasonal use. Fuel is loaded from the street just as traction is controlled. This option is uncomfortable.

When choosing a stove, it is recommended to pay attention to the door.

It should open completely and not interfere with the laying of firewood. Many units are equipped with a door hanging option.

According to the design of the stove, vertical, horizontal, barrel-shaped, etc. are produced. You can buy models with nets for stones and a hot water tank.

Installing the stove in the bath with your own hands

Stove in the wall

When is the place to install the stove falls on adjacent bath rooms, fire safety rules must be observed. It is good if the installation is planned during construction and the wall is laid out in the right place with bricks or other heat-resistant material. The size of the opening is determined based on the power of the stove and its dimensions. If you need to change the dimensions due to non-aesthetics and for technical reasons, you can only increase this space.

Standards

To install a self-made structure, the following standards are observed:

• - the gap from the long firebox to combustible materials without protection is from 38 cm, it is recommended to adhere to the number 50;
• - protecting the walls with thermal insulation with asbestos, gypsum, basalt wool, the distance should be from 25 up to 36 cm.

Recommendations

The wall between the bath itself and the stove should be lined with bricks on all sides. The structure does not need to be in close contact, an air gap is necessarily created. The parameters are indicated in the installation instructions with a minimum value of 2.5 cm.The air space is filled with basalt cardboard, cotton wool.

The latter should not contain binders, otherwise, at temperatures above 600 degrees, it will turn into sand.

Important! Glass wool is not suitable as it cannot withstand temperatures above 350 degrees. Otherwise, it may fuse and lose properties.

When installing the stove, it is mandatory to use special high-temperature insulators that can withstand 800-1000 degrees.

Furnace on a monolithic foundation

For this, a pit is pulled out with a depth of 120 cm.

Sand and fine gravel are poured onto the bottom and filled with liquid cement. Then comes the waterproofing. On the walls, formwork is made from boards or slabs. The volume of the foundation is filled with reinforcement and filled with concrete to the floor level. After drying, the formwork is dismantled and the void is filled with sand.

Foundation with shallow depth

This option is possible on solid ground without exception. Shallow deepening is possible up to 60 cm. The principle of operation is similar to the foundation on a monolith, only the concrete layer is 40 cm without reinforcement.

Fire safety

When installing the stove in a bath, it is necessary to adhere to the conditions of compliance with fire safety standards, which are:

• maintaining a minimum gap between the stove and a combustible structure of at least half a meter;
• ensuring the distance between the ceiling and the heating device from 1.20 m;
• protection of building walls from fire.

  For this, insulating sheets are used or brickwork is made;

• the correct installation of the stove, when the firebox door opens towards the door, and the heaters towards the corner;
• protection of the ceiling, installation of a protective screen - a metal sheet not less than 1/3 of the size of the stove;
• conducting grounding;
• coordination of the building with the fire inspection.

Before starting to operate the building, it is necessary to provide for the presence of fire-fighting equipment, which must be at hand in working order.

Technological process

The main stages can be defined as follows:

• preparatory - work is underway to prepare the pit;
• installation of formwork;
• reinforcement;
• pouring concrete - as a rule, standard proportions, this is one part of cement and three parts of sand;
• waterproofing;
• brick laying.

Floor preparation

When installing the stove, the floor must be prepared. The work will depend on the furnace material and weight.

If a concrete surface is provided for this in the bath, then additional reinforcement is not needed.

By the way, to facilitate cleaning, concrete can be laid with ceramic tiles or bricks. It is also allowed to use porcelain stoneware.

If there is a wooden floor in the bath, you need to be guided by the weight of the metal stove. Up to 700 kg it is enough to think about the safety of a non-combustible base.

If the figure is higher, then a separate foundation should be installed. To determine the total weight of the structure, you need to know:

• - the mass of the stove;
• - the volume of stones;
• - the weight of a full water tank;
• - the weight of the chimney;
• - the weight of the protection around the stove.

Wooden floor

When the metal structure weighs less than 700 kg and the joists with floor boards are strong enough, it is allowed not to ask the question of laying the foundation. However, this does not mean that you need to forget about the heat-resistant base. You can go in several ways:

1. a sheet of metal is superimposed on top of basalt cardboard and asbestos;
2. metal can be replaced with bricks, natural or artificial stone;
3. you can use ceramic or porcelain stoneware tiles.

A metal sheet must be placed in front of the fuel door to prevent sparks and coals from falling on the floor. The minimum protective cover is 40 cm.

When the weight of the entire structure falls on one small beam, a foundation will have to be erected. It can be monolithic, on screw piles, connected to the basement of the bath.

Additional foundation

Basically, you have to equip the place with an additional foundation.

The work is as follows:

• it is necessary to determine the size of the foundation. It must be 20 cm larger than the size of a metal stove or a protective screen;
• the depth of the base should be equal to the depth of the main foundation of the building;
• if the stove is installed near the load-bearing wall, then the foundation must be incoherent and not have points of contact with the base. This will avoid the dependent shrinkage of concrete from the metal;
• the height of the foundation should not reach the floor level by 20 cm. In this case, the extra space is filled with bricks in 2 rows.

Chimney

The chimney is installed at the final stage of the metal stove installation.

You can use one of the following options:

1. metal pipe - available at a price, easy to install, but heats up quickly. Not a very good option, since the high temperature of the gases entering the pipe can cause the roof of the building to ignite. In addition, when a hot air flow enters the cold part of the pipe from the street side, condensation forms, therefore, it is additionally required to put on the structure in thermal insulation;
2. brick pipe is a popular chimney until recently. The disadvantages are that the design is bulky and not suitable for all furnaces. It also creates a lot of pressure on the foundation.

   To make such a chimney with your own hands, you need bricklaying skills with the preliminary creation of a project;

3. pipe sandwich today is the most optimal solution for a bath and an alternative to metal. They are economical and easy to install. The pipe surface heats up slightly and fully complies with fire safety requirements.The structure of such a pipe is three-layer - the inner and outer layers are made of metal, between which there is mineral wool for thermal insulation;
4. ceramic chimney - rarely installed. The technical characteristics of the ceramic pipe are good - it is resistant to high temperatures, corrosion and has a long service life.

   However, this construction weighs, like the brick version. In addition, the price for such a chimney is high and, in comparison with sandwich pipes, is 5 times lower.

If you look at the instructions for installing furnaces, then most of them mention exactly the installation of sandwich pipes with an insulating layer inside. Often such a pipe is already included with a metal stove, which significantly reduces the search for materials.

Tips

Before starting the installation of the stove in the bath, you need to check the product for defects and heat it on the street with a temporary connection of the chimney on a flat and solid surface.

The fuel is loaded into the furnace and it is heated to 300 degrees for 1 hour. At the same time, the fire-resistant paint polymerizes, the anti-corrosion impregnation burns out, which is characterized by an unpleasant smell and smoke. Then the oven is left to cool down on its own.

On the modern construction market, fiber cement board or minerite, magnesite panel or magnesite, fire-resistant calcium silicate board and vermiculite backing are sold, which qualitatively protect walls and ceilings from fire and high temperatures.

In order not to get injured from a hot stove up to 500 degrees, it is recommended to fold a brick screen around it.

It can be made of red brick, but it is better to use fireclay with laying in half a brick. The 120mm thick screen will do its job perfectly.

A bath for a person is a place where he rests, is charged with health, vigor. Observing the recommendations for installing the stove, visiting the bath will bring comfort and become safe to use.

( 4 marks, average 4 of 5 )