How to repair a crack in the wall of a private house? Reasons and Step by Step Instruction + Video

Due to the movement of the soil layers, the entire structure is tilted, now in one direction, then in the other direction. But the structure itself is solid, due to a good foundation.

In the event that a crack has appeared in the wall of the house, this may mean that the foundation is doing its job very poorly. But there are many more reasons why cracks can occur even without destruction of the foundation.

Causes of cracks in the walls of the house

If the supporting soils do not evenly accept the load, the foundation tape will deform more than the walls of the building can withstand.

As a result, it can be assumed that cracks in the walls of buildings are formed due to design errors, not the correct design of the structure, but the same mistakes made during the construction of the building.

One of the reasons for wall cracks is that the soil layer underneath the base is not uniform. Those areas that have a high density, there is more pressure on them and therefore the building can only rest on a few points. As a result, it deforms under its own weight. But there is one peculiarity, and it is that over time, the density of areas can change significantly due to weather conditions.

And also due to the fact that the soil freezes, there may be heaving of the soil, and when the soil becomes wet it becomes too soft.

If you find that there is a crack in the wall of the house, then it is necessary to observe their development for some time, while it is necessary to monitor the temperature change, as well as the presence of precipitation. In order to have some idea of ​​the nature of the appearance of cracks, you need to keep a special journal during the current year.

Diagnostics of cracks

In order to have an idea of ​​changes in the width of a crack, it is necessary to attach a lump of alabaster to it, which has been diluted to the consistency of plasticine.

Such beacons are installed along the entire length of the crack with an interval of one meter. The tags will need to be checked at intervals of about a month or two.

• In the event that the mark is cracked or fell off, this may mean that the crack becomes wider. By the gap at the mark, one can judge the rate of crack divergence.
• If there is a crack on the mark, but there is no gap, then the wall has undergone dynamic loads and there will be no more discrepancy, and if the mark remains intact, then there is no stress in the wall, and the resulting crack was formed as a result shrinkage.

To obtain accurate information, observations of the crack are carried out for a longer time and the marks that are damaged are replaced.

What shape of the crack can tell about the nature of the movement.

• In the event that the fault is flat, free of chips and sharp edge, the crack widened and tore apart the lighthouse.
• If the edges of the crack in the mark are chipped or fall off completely, the crack in the wall has decreased and the mark was destroyed by compression.

Thanks to the special shape of the beacons, it is possible to detect the smallest fluctuations.

If you project these changes on the geometric model of the house and the base, you can establish how sediment occurs over a long time, as well as whether it depends on the wetting of the soil and on where there may be places of strong and low density.

But without the help of specialists, it seems, you still cannot do, because they will be able to make an examination.

Expertise includes :

1. Strength control of supporting structures;
2. Test soil analysis;
3. Revealing uneven load distribution, as well as hidden cracks.

As a result, according to our own observations or the observations of specialists, it will be necessary to draw up a plan to eliminate cracks, strengthen the walls and base of the structure.

Crack elimination methods

To solve the problem, it is necessary to completely rebuild the broken section of the building. But if the flaws of the building are noticed in time, then you can get by in a less radical way, namely by covering the house.

It's easy to do:

1. It is necessary that corners with a shelf of one hundred millimeters are installed at the outer corners;
2. Smooth reinforcement is laid along the walls in two or more lines, it is supported by special devices.

3. Threads are cut on the rods as follows: left side on one side, right side on the other;
4. Nuts are screwed onto the reinforcement, they are welded to the corners.
5. Small parallel rods are welded from the side corner of the reinforcing bars (approximately one meter). This is necessary in order to rotate with an adjustable wrench.

At the final tie, two people twist the bar simultaneously, increasing the tension. With these actions, the cracks disappear completely, only it is worth changing the plaster of the walls of the building and the basement.

If the markers remain intact or the cracks expand or contract, this means that the foundation is doing its job well, and there was stress in the wall materials that splashed out in the form of cracks.

To strengthen the wall in the emergency area, apply:

1. Reinforcement with carbon fiber or steel mesh, from the outside;
2. Metal frames or anchors;
3. Reinforcing elements that are laid along the gates;
4. Use the injection method.

The main action is to close the crack and restore the solidity of the structure. In the event that the brick rows were incorrectly tied up and for this reason a crack has formed, then the only way to eliminate the emergency section will be its alteration.

To seal cracks, you need to clean it along the entire length and depth from dirt and dust, then remove the layer of mortar, expanding it.

The gap, which was obtained, as a result of various manipulations, is poured with cement mortar, but at the same time having performed reinforcement.

Teaching and methods of its elimination

Swelling when the soil is soaked

In order for the soil under the foundation not to accumulate water and not to wet the soil around the building, blind areas and drain pipes are made, they are taken as far as possible from the building. But over time, the concrete screed may collapse and water will penetrate under the foundation, which will wash it away. A sign of such a phenomenon is the gradual expansion of cracks, and they usually expand with precipitation.

Frost heaving

With frost heaving of the soil, the base of the building remains intact, but the building tilts at the same time and it is not known how strong the next building will be and how the next shrinkage will affect the integrity of the foundation.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to equip a drainage system.

Strengthening the foundation

In the event that no measures have helped , then the problem of cracking must be looked for in the foundation.

The reason for this is not only the formation of cracks in the building, but also significant flaws in the foundation.

• First you need to make a tunnel, the depth of which should be from sixty to one hundred centimeters and width it should be two meters.

• Under the place where there is a break, a curbstone is poured, which is reinforced with reinforcement.
• After it dries, the foundation pit is expanded by a meter in each direction and concrete is added.

It should not be ruled out that the cause of the cracks may be an initial design error or non-compliance with the requirements during the construction of the building.

So, before starting construction, consider all the nuances. Well, if you still have trouble, then after reading this article you will know what to do.

We hope that the information in this article was useful to you. We wish you good luck!

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