Is it worth fearing, the causes of salt deposits, how to avoid + Video

After complete drying of the brickwork, when arranging the front finishing of the walls of the building, white streaks appear on top of the ceramics.

These are crystallized salts on the surface of ceramic bricks. They are called efflorescences formed on the facing masonry.

They not only spoil the appearance of the building, but also gradually create conditions for the destruction of the wall material.

What is efflorescence?

The raw material for making bricks is natural alumina.

After firing the molded brick, the material acquires a finely porous structure. This property provides strength, low thermal conductivity, lightening the weight of the part, but allows liquids to pass through the formed capillary channels through the brick material. Moisture carries dissolved salts, which, when evaporated on the surface, form crystals that are firmly attached to the surface.

Should you be afraid of efflorescence on the brick?

Experts say unequivocally yes. Over time, salt crystals will block the moisture passage over time.

It will accumulate inside the material. Under the influence of low temperatures, the resulting ice will rupture the ceramic. The process does not pass quickly, it is therefore dangerous in twins. You can get used to the slow process of destruction, and when a visible result comes, you will have to take drastic measures. In this case, it will help to replace the masonry section or completely the wall.

The process of action of salts includes a chain reaction. At the first stage, water forms microcracks, then the amount of precipitation penetrating into the brick increases. As a result, the affected area expands, the formation of material swelling and the appearance of chips is observed. At the end, the brick becomes loose from cracks and can no longer perform its functions. The process ends with the complete destruction of the material.

The reasons causing the formation of salt deposits

There are several factors leading to the appearance of harmful salt stains. They can be divided into natural and erroneous human actions.

Natural reasons

They lie in the natural properties of the chemical composition of raw materials used for the manufacture of ceramic bricks, the composition of water for the manufacture of masonry mortar.

The use of the necessary additives for the correct operation of the mixtures in a certain period of the year.

The chemical composition of the soil on which the building is being built.

Saturation with salts of air masses of a given territory.

Human factor

A man by his erroneous actions when the proportions of anti-frost additives are not observed during the preparation of masonry mortar. The oversaturation of the mixture with the plasticizer will further lead to efflorescence on the surface.

• Production of cement slurry with a liquid consistency. Squeezed out mortar from the masonry also leads to surface contamination and the formation of efflorescence.

• Poorly performed work to ensure waterproofing of the building foundation.As a result, the brickwork of the lower rows gets wet, and they bear the main weight load.
• It is improper to store bricks without shelter or packaging outdoors. It is under the influence of precipitation and at the same time is saturated with excess moisture.
• Wall masonry works are carried out during heavy rainfall in the form of rain or snow.

Absence or destruction of the blind area along the building perimeter. Splashes from raindrops fall on the surface of the wall and overmoisten the material.

How to avoid the negative impact of efflorescence on brickwork

Measures to ensure the protection of brickwork from efflorescence can be divided into two stages.

Preventive measures to prevent efflorescence

These include the following actions

• to carry out work on laying brick walls in dry weather,
• prepare a solution of dense consistency,
• refuse to add chemical antifreeze agents and replace them using a solution of soap or washing powder. The effect of plasticity and resistance to freezing will be equal, and there will be no efflorescence after the masonry has dried,
• to carry out high-quality work on the waterproofing of the foundation,
• it is mandatory to arrange a blind area of ​​the building and constantly monitor its technical condition .

  .. The integrity of the blind area ensures not only the absence of splashes on the walls and foundation, but also the penetration of sedimentary liquid to the foundation,

organization of the correct storage of bricks. Providing a canopy of the site. The presence of pallets under the bundles of material.

Covering it with a waterproof material,

• After finishing construction work on the construction of wall cladding, treat the surface of the walls of the whole house with a special solution with water-repellent properties. This measure will prevent rainfall from getting on the brick and soaking it.

Basic actions to eliminate salt formations on the facing masonry walls

• Timely cleaning of places contaminated with a liquid solution. You can immediately remove the dirt with a wet rag, or wait for the stain to dry and scrape off the material with a spatula and then wipe it clean with a rag.
• After the protruding liquid has dried and subsequently developed on the surface of efflorescence, it is necessary to apply compositions for removing salt impregnations.

  These funds have a hydrophobic property. They are designed to completely remove salts and lime stains from the surface of the walls of facades, plinths. The products can even remove old dirt. The substance penetrates deeply into the pores of the material, thereby providing a seal for the penetration and accumulation of moisture.

It is necessary to use universal means.

They contain no acids. They act gently on the brick. Re-processing is carried out at least once every two years.

Interesting! Such a tool can be used to treat the interior of the car from the outside and its glass, as an anti-rain agent.

Conclusion

During the measures taken to prevent or remove efflorescence, will ensure the safety of the building for a long time.

He is attentive to the rules of production in construction. Many water repellents impart a brighter color to the brickwork, enhancing the decorative effect in the appearance of the building.