No state-of-the-art building materials can oust natural wood from the market. Houses from a bar of various types are still very popular among developers. They are used for erecting both residential buildings and outbuildings, baths, saunas, etc. The technology of construction of log cabins provides for the mandatory use of inter-block heaters. Due to their use, it is possible to improve the operational characteristics of wooden structures.
Mezhventsovy heater for timber
The drying process is long, as a result - accelerated destruction of wood. It is affected by rot and mold, the strength of the tree is noticeably reduced, in advanced cases, critical deformations of wooden houses can occur. You have to make complex and expensive repairs, and even then in some cases they are ineffective.
Mezhventsovy insulation allows you to extend the life of a wooden house
Mezhventsovy heater for timber improves the sound absorption of walls
and by physical properties and linear parameters. This variety simplifies the choice of a specific type of insulation. But to make the best decision, you should briefly familiarize yourself with the types and characteristics of materials.
Types of mezhventsovy heaters for timber
All materials are divided into two large groups: natural and artificial. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses.
Material name | Short description |
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Moss | The oldest material, due to its high labor intensity, is used very rarely in our time. Moss is collected from swampy areas, dried for several months, using fresh is prohibited. Plants contain phenolic acids, which are a natural antiseptic. The wood under the moss does not rot and is not affected by pests. Only two types of mosses are used for insulation: sphagnum and "cuckoo flax".Dry mosses are laid in several layers, the thickness in a free state ranges from 3-5 centimeters. Due to this, uneven gaps in hand-chopped log cabins are filled. When laying out, each layer lays down perpendicular to the previous one, after the shrinkage of the log house, caulking is required. For caulking, you can use moss or tow that protrudes beyond the crowns. |
Linen | Traditional material in some regions of Russia. Waste of flax production (tow) was used for insulation. It can be used for warming crowns or only for caulking cracks. Natural material, highly hygroscopic. Absolute humidity can exceed 500% (the weight of moisture is five times the weight of flax), this is a big drawback of flax. Tow must be put in a few words, caulk is required. Due to the fact that the thickness is adjusted "by eye", areas with insufficient thermal insulation are possible. When working with dry tow, fire safety rules should be observed, laziness is very flammable, a spark is enough to ignite. Another disadvantage is that work should be done in calm weather.
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Non-woven fabric | May be called linen or linen felt. It is made according to modern technologies from high-quality flax, and is significantly more expensive than tow. Thickness ranges from 5-8 mm, width 8-200 mm, roll length up to 20 m. There are no uniform standards, each manufacturer is guided by the technical capabilities of the equipment. It is much easier and faster to work with non-woven fabric, the thermal insulation is of high quality. The width of the tape is selected depending on the size of the bar. There are several styling technologies, we will describe them below. The disadvantages include hygroscopicity and instability to decay. In addition, flax attracts various parasites and harmful insects; birds take it away to build nests. Some manufacturers impregnate the non-woven fabric with antiseptics to eliminate the shortcomings, but such material is much more expensive.
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Jute | Widely used in warm regions. A big plus is the presence of an effective antiseptic of lignin in the fiber. This quality made it possible to use the material in shipbuilding; jute is practically not affected by rot. Jute scares away birds and rodents, small insects and parasites do not live in it. Lack of jute fibers - over time they spontaneously stick together, the insulation sags, the thermal insulation deteriorates. Re-caulking may be required, which is time consuming and laborious. |
Linen jute | Combination of linen and jute fibers in proportion 1: 1. Due to this, it is possible to optimally preserve the advantages of both materials, linen jute is plastic and has antiseptic qualities. Most often they are used for the manufacture of ropes and ropes, excellent for decorative caulking of buildings.For insulation, jute felt can be used, the amount of flax in it is reduced to 10%, the fibers are thoroughly cleaned and mixed with each other before pressing.
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Wool felt | One of the most expensive materials, made of wool and in this form it goes for sale. To prevent the appearance of insects, wool must be treated with effective antiseptics. In terms of heat saving, it takes leading indicators, woolen felt restores its original thickness, which further reduces heat loss. It can have a specific odor that disappears over time. |
Synthetic heaters | The newest materials, produced by both foreign and and domestic companies. Produced on the basis of polyester fibers. According to all safety indicators, they meet strict European requirements. Artificial fibers combine all the positive aspects of natural materials. For the price, synthetic fibers belong to the middle segment. |
When choosing a specific insulation, it should be borne in mind that, in addition to moss and synthetic insulation, they are all wound around a drill while drilling holes in the frame for the dowels.
This is a very unpleasant property that greatly complicates the process of assembling buildings. Irresponsible builders do not pay attention to the problem; during drilling, the drill pulls out the insulation. As a result, cold bridges appear, moisture condenses under the lining of the inner walls of the log house. Prolonged contact with moisture negatively affects all timber structures.
The insulation between the joints can be damaged when drilling holes for the pins
Despite the recommendations of manufacturers of artificial heaters, use them for thermal insulation of residential premises not worth it.
All of them release chemical compounds into the air. True, in amounts that are safe for health. But the permissible norms are regulated by state acts, and they do not always meet the requirements of consumers. Quite often, state regulatory bodies make concessions to manufacturers and increase the permissible evaporation rates of chemical compounds.
A common disadvantage of artificial insulation is their inability to let air through.
As a result, the crowns stop "breathing" at the points of contact, the tree does not dry out. The accumulated moisture has a negative effect on the strength and durability of operation. It is true that such heaters can be used for many years, manufacturers do not cheat. But they do not indicate that the frame itself with such insulation will not be healthy for a long time.
Artificial insulation "Avatherm"
To increase the number of sales, synthetic heaters are masked as natural ones, they hardly differ in color and thickness of fibers .
.. You can check the material of manufacture by burning it.Synthetic smoke has a black, strong unpleasant odor. Natural ones, when burned, emit much less harmful chemical compounds into the air.
The only place where it is recommended to use synthetic insulation is baths. Due to the high humidity, the use of natural ones is impractical, they absorb a lot of moisture, the place where the crowns fit constantly has high humidity.
Caulking house and bathhouse
Mezhventsovy heater
Regardless of the material of manufacture, mezhventsovy heaters must meet standard operational requirements.
The absence of natural shrinkage is an additional benefit.
The process cannot be interrupted after warming the space between the crowns.
For all environmental characteristics, it must comply with sanitary requirements.
Mezhventsovy heater for the timber must be of high quality
We will not consider individual manufacturers, we will give a comparative table of the most common mezhventsovy heaters.
Name | Brief characteristics | Approximate cost |
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Linen batting (linen batting) | Density 350-400 g / m2, width 100 mm 150 mm and 200 mm, thickness 20 mm. Material for universal use. | Depending on the width 90, 120 and 155 rubles.
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Juwatine | Weight 300-350 g / m2 or 500- 550 g / m2, width 100-200 mm, thickness 20 mm. High-density material is used for insulating buildings in the northern regions of our country. | 110-360 rub. |
Linen tape made of tow | The flax fiber combed in special equipment is polarized into longitudinal direction. The material is pre-cleaned from plant residues, which improves its performance. Sold in rolls of various lengths. | RUB 85 per package weighing 5 kg. |
Jute ribbon | Raw materials are pre-carded on a carding unit, simultaneously impurities are removed.The tape inhibits the development of microflora, does not rot, and has high heat saving rates. | 160 RUB for a package weighing 5 kilograms.
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Linseed tow in bales | Traditional material, makes it possible to independently adjust the thickness of the mezhventsovy insulation, depending on the available slots and the assembly technology of the log house. Styling requires some skill. | 72 rub. per bale weighing 10 kg. |
Jute tow in bales | Jute fiber is specially fluffed and combed. In addition to heat-shielding properties, it has pronounced antiseptic properties, a material for universal use. | 160 RUB per bale weighing 10 kg. |
Tow resin tape | Flax fiber is impregnated with special antiseptics, due to which increased resistance to moisture. Recommended for use in rooms with high relative humidity. Disadvantage - shrinkage reaches 6%, which requires repeated caulking.
| 90 rub. / kg |
Bale resin tow | Combed and pre-cleaned fiber is impregnated petroleum products. The mass fraction of impregnation can reach 40%, which completely eliminates the likelihood of putrefactive processes. Disadvantage - high natural shrinkage requires additional work during the insulation of the log house. | 95 rub. / kg |
Scattered sanitary flax | Obtained after special processing of natural flax , is used both for insulating buildings and during plumbing work. Due to the high cost, it is rarely used as a heater for the crowns of a log house. | 190 RUB / kg |
As an example, we will take the most complex version of the house - manual assembly from a bar of natural moisture. Insulation is done with roll insulation, there are no differences in laying technology between natural and artificial materials.
Choose a heater of the required width
Step 1.
Buy a heater, before that, calculate the required amount and decide with dimensions. To calculate the amount of insulation, you need to know the dimensions of the outer walls and the number of rows of the log house. Add up all running meters and increase the amount by about 5-8%. The surplus will be needed for reliable thermal insulation of the corners of the log house. The width of the insulation should be 5-10 cm greater than the width of the groove of the beams, the thickness is from five millimeters.
The protruding part is caulked or immediately bent during the assembly of the frame.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of technologies?
And this can cause rotting of the timber in the places of contact.
Disadvantages: during the shrinkage of the logs, the insulation may be damaged; to eliminate the problems, you will need a finishing caulk with a jute rope.
There is no consensus among professional builders which method is better. Each of them works according to their usual scheme. We will consider both options for laying insulation.
Step 2.
Tilt the timber with the groove up.
Important. If the width of the jute does not reach the edges, then buy the material wider or lay the narrow insulation in two rows with overlapping each other. The width of the material should protrude about five centimeters on each side of the log.
Staple the jute with a staple distance of about ten centimeters.
Make sure that the insulation does not sag or fall off during the turning of the masonry beam into the frame.
Fix the insulation with a stapler
Step 3. If you are going to caulk, then the edges are left protruding. But you need to keep in mind the disadvantages of this method, we talked about them above. In addition, the protruding jute does not allow you to control the build quality of the house, it closes the junctions, and the builders' defects are revealed during caulking.
The second option is to immediately bend the protruding insulation and fix the bend with a stapler. Try to make the bend even, it should look neat after assembling at home. The doubled thickness of the insulation in the drop points significantly improves the quality of the crown sealing.
Fixing the insulation with hemming of the edge
Step 4. From the ends of the log, remove the ends protruding to the street by the length is about 5 cm.
If they hang down, then moisture gets into the places where the logs fit and the tree begins to rot. At the end of the assembly of the house, the ends will be caulked separately in good dry weather. It takes a little time and is technologically quite justified.
The protruding ends of the insulation will be caulked
Step 5. Carefully insulate the bowl.
Jute needs to be fixed on all adjacent surfaces; to improve the quality in these places, it is better to lay two layers of insulator. There is no need to be afraid that the crowns will sag, the inter-crown insulation is easily compressed. Always remember that corners are considered the most problematic element of wooden houses, pay great attention to them.
If, during assembly, the insulation hesitated or came off, then you need not be lazy, remove the log and repeat everything from the beginning.
To perform caulking, you need to have a hammer, a chisel 20 mm wide, a spatula 40 mm wide, a rubber or wooden mallet.
The tools must not be sharp, otherwise they may cut through the insulation.
Caulking tools
Caulking tools
Important. Caulking is allowed only after the insulation tape has completely dried. The blockhouse must stand and shrink, this takes about a year after the completion of the assembly of the structure. It is necessary to bend the seal from top to bottom and push it into the gap between the bars with light taps.
As a result, an even tight bend should be obtained, all cracks should be hermetically closed. If the groove of the log has not completely sat down in its place, then you do not need to caulk much. The final compaction is done after shrinkage, at the first stage the jute is only slightly tucked and fixed in the gap. Driving is done later.
Caulking should be started from the lowest row, further work is done around the log house, after finishing caulking around the perimeter of one crown, you can start working with the second.
Commencement of caulking
Insulation is hammered into the slot
Work is carried out along the perimeter, starting from the lower rims
Important. Never caulk just one wall at a time. Such actions can cause distortion of the entire structure.
It is not necessary to hammer the sealant into the upper rows, they sit down last after several years of building operation. Carefully trim the corners, do not allow water to enter between adjacent crowns.
If the house was assembled by careless builders, then the insulation of the bowl is problematic. They laid the tape only in the middle of the bowl, there is no protrusion along the edges. We have already mentioned that the insulation in the bowls must be laid in two layers. If the ends of the building are insulated in violation of the optimal technology, then before caulking, you will first have to push the tape into the empty space, and then caulk it. The quality of insulation will suffer a little, but this is the only way to correct deviations from technology when assembling a wooden building.
Another option for caulking - the ends of the insulation are hammered into the gap between the bars along the entire row
The free ends of the insulation are tucked
The insulation is hammered into the slot
It turns out an even neat row
To improve the appearance of the facade walls, the seams can be wrapped with jute rope. The work should be done only after painting the walls, the rope is nailed with nails. To improve the design, you can cover it with a colorless varnish or change the natural color of the rope.
Jute rope for decorating log cabins from logs and beams
Caulking with a rope
Jute rope
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