Painting and consumption of water-based paint per m2

How to calculate the consumption of water-based paint for 1 m ² walls

Water-based paint paint is an aqueous emulsion. Here we mean a suspension of insoluble particles in a liquid.

In milk, for example, there are particles of fat in the water. In paint we are talking about polymers.

Water will prevent them from setting into a single mass, will liquefy and facilitate application.

General information

Characteristics of paintwork materials

Since the polymer suspension is in the water, it will start evaporate when paint is applied to the surface. Remaining molecules in the film. It is usually made from:

• Acrylates, namely salts / esters of acrylic acid
• Verstat - it is stable and does not undergo catalyst hydrolysis.
• Polyvinyl acetate - a polymer of vinyl acetate, or rather, PVA (it was discovered by Fritz Klatte, became the basis for the first paints that were released in Germany in the 1920s).
• Styrene-butadiene, or rather, synthetic rubber, which is obtained by copolymerizing butadiene and styrene.

Not all of the above substances are snow white. Meanwhile, what specific color is required for the paint so that it can be easily tinted. For this reason, titanium dioxide, or zinc oxide, is added to such a paint. Both substances are white. Also, there must be CMC, that is, glue.

It will play the role of a thickener, and the abbreviation itself will be deciphered as carboxymethyl cellulose. This is the basis of wood, and the stickiness of the substance is its main characteristic. The CMC will help you adjust the density of the ink. You can thicken it with chalk, cement and lime. Talc, calcite, barite and mica are also fine, but they are much more expensive.

But the purpose of such additives is to cheaply "build up" the mass of paint. For this reason, mica is used in regions where there is a floor and the place of origin will be considered waste. Ideally, it shouldn't be in the paint at all. Such additives will degrade the quality.

As a percentage, the distribution of substances in the paint will be as follows:

• 40% are film-formers.

• 15 to 30% are additional polymers.
• Approximately 10% are plasticizers, which help mobilize molecules during film formation.
• Up to 10% contains talcum powder, or functional additives that prevent combustion, mold and other things.

A similar distribution of substances will be in the solid ink residue. In general, this is only 30% of the total, and the remaining 70% will fall on water.

The composition of the paint will determine the absence of a sharp aroma. For this reason, the coating is usually used indoors. For outdoor work, water emulsion is used extremely rarely.

Varieties

Previously, there was only paint based on PVA, but already in the 1930s they began to synthesize butoding styrene, and even then there were two types of water emulsion , and now there are five of them:

1. Polyvinyl acetate - they are incredibly environmentally friendly, as well as inert to negative environments. For PVA-based formulations, UV rays will also be at ease, and the paint will not fade in the sun.

2. Silicone - the film is made from silicone resins, and this coating is the most durable and also has the ability to breathe.
3. Acrylic - made on the basis of acrylic resins, and this concept helps to summarize polymers based on acrylic and methacrylic acid. Painting with an acrylic-based water-based paint can lie (provided that it has been impregnated with a primer in advance) even on a smooth metal surface. They also cover wood, glass, plastered surfaces, brick, concrete with acrylic water emulsion. On each surface, the paint will withstand 5,000 washes.

   Everything can be divided into ordinary acrylic paints, as well as styrene-butadiene, polyvinyl acetate and acryl-silicone paints.

Water based paint can be of different colors. All of the above types of acrylic-based paints are united by the term "latex". Particles in them are highly elastic and polyurethane foam. It is a synthetic type latex and has a natural cousin that is secreted by certain plants.

But, like natural rubber, it is expensive.

• Mineral - they contain crushed minerals, as well as rocks. The service life is reduced to five years, but the paint will perfectly fit on "bare" concrete.
• Silicate - we are talking about silicon oxides, and one of the silicates is glass. It is he who is in liquid form in the paint, and it will last for 20 years.

Since polymers are the basis of a water emulsion, they should be obtained, and this can be done separately, and such a paint is called secondary (that is, artificial). The second way is to take a monomer and polymerize it in water. In this case, the paint will be synthetic (primary).

There is still a division according to the direction of use of paint, and there are:

• Primers, which serve as the basis for future staining, designed to level the base and improve adhesion to it.
• Facade paints that are needed for outdoor work, resistant to atmospheric and chemical influences, as well as water.

• Water-based emulsions for interior work, which are designed for mild conditions of use.
• Special paints that contain additives that provide the coating with fire resistance and other atypical properties.

Not all, but some paints are tinted in production, and the absence / presence of a coloring pigment will be the last reason for the classification of paints. It turns out that there is white and colored paint.

Paint consumption

In many respects, the consumption of water-based paint per 1 m ² depends on the size of polymer particles in it.

If they are small, then the composition will be easy to apply, but it will not spread well, and there will still be traces. This property of coloration can be called thixotropy - rapid liquefaction when exposed to a mechanical type (for example, a brush) and just as rapid thickening at rest. Large particles in the paint make it so that the coating spreads, and there will still not be seals, but only smudges. In the first case, the expense will turn out to be more, in the second, the spending is minimal, but then you will need to solve problems with smudges and clots, or put up with them. For this reason, choose a middle ground with medium sized particles.

Application of paintwork materials on the surface of the walls with a roller

The size of the filler particles to a lesser extent will affect its rheological properties. The viscosity of the formulation is controlled by the light of the water-soluble thickeners. Their proportionality can also affect the flow rate together with the diameter of the polymer particles.

The paint consumption will be influenced by:

• Latex paint has the highest consumption, where 0.55 kg per square is required for the initial application, and also 0.

  35 kg with secondary.

• Silicate water-based paints are medium, and the first coat requires 0.4 kg, and the second coat requires 0.35 kg.
• Consumption of formulations on silicone 0.

  3 kg for the first layer and 0. 15 for each next layer for each square meter.

• The most economical will be acrylic paint, where there is 0.25 kg of paint per square meter.

The base on which they will be applied will partially affect the consumption of paints and varnishes.

If the material is uneven, porous, then more paint will go away. Consumption of water-based paint for 1 m ² wall will be less if the surface is primed in advance. It is because of absorption into the base that more paint will go to the first layer than to the second. The number of coats required for quality staining will depend on the hiding power of the paint. The term will indicate the degree to which the pigment overlaps the color of the base to be painted.

Some water emulsions are enough even for a one-time coating, while others are in 3 or even 4 layers.

It will also have an effect:

1. The tool used - with a brush, for example, the consumption is much less than with a roller. Rollers with a long pile absorb especially a lot.
2. Temperature of work - at low water in the paintwork material will set, and at high it will evaporate very quickly, which is why the consumption is higher. The ideal temperature would be about +23 degrees.

3. Humidity of surfaces and air during painting, because in dry rooms, water will evaporate faster from the paint, which means that the consumption will also be higher.
4. Application method - manual requires more paint than when it is sprayed from a spray gun.

Many factors will interfere with calculating the flow rate without the required skill, and therefore we advise you to take a little more than will come out according to the formula.

The choice will be largely determined by the purpose of the paint, as well as the needs of the buyers. Consumers can find the required items for themselves on the paint packaging.

Look at the marking, and if the paint is of domestic origin, then it is designated as VE, and then there will be another capital letter. It turns out that if the paint is acrylic, then there will be VEA, and if it is polyvinyl acetate, then VEP.

Which surfaces can be painted

The paint will adhere to any surfaces and the question is how long the material should last. The minimum time is obtained when applied over oil paint, and its top layer will be made of oils and acids. They prevent the substrate from wetting, and therefore the adhesion of the water-based emulsion to the oil paint is weak.

Because of this, it is recommended to peel off the old coating. On drywall, wood, concrete, brick, foam block and lime, paint fits perfectly, and metal will be the average option, especially if it is prone to corrosion, for example, non-galvanized steel. It will protect the metal from water while the paint dries. The primer also improves traction on a very slippery and smooth substrate.

Preparation

To prepare the base, preliminary cleaning, filling, priming is required.

If the old coating comes off, cracks, it should be removed or even partially cleaned. In case there is an old layer of water-based paint, it will be quite actively moistened a couple of times with an interval of 30 minutes. Next, a draft should be created, and after that the old one will begin to swell, and it will be easy to remove it with a spatula.

If you want to remove old lime, you can apply a paste of flour and water to its surface, which will adhere to the lime. Such a layer will be easily removed with a metal spatula.

The paste should be made by diluting the flour first in a small amount of cool water, and after the resulting gruel in boiling. If you have a sanding tool, it will be more convenient to remove the whitewash with it. If there is rust on the cleaned base, then it should be removed with a mixture of lime and drying oil, or Whiteness.

Advantages and disadvantages

Actively use water-based paint for painting walls and other surfaces from the very beginning of the post-war period. Most of the factories and plants were destroyed and everything had to be rebuilt cheaply and quickly.

The emphasis was on those materials that could be made, roughly speaking, in the garage. Then it became a great advantage of the water emulsion, and the simplicity of its creation became partly even a disadvantage, which makes it possible to make fakes, that is, goods with dubious quality.

The remaining disadvantages of the material include:

• Lack of resistance to water - since the polymers were dissolved in it, this will happen when moisture gets on dried paint. Most types can be completely washed off with water.
• Limited temperature regime for painting surfaces - when the temperature is less than +5 degrees, work cannot be carried out.

But the advantages of painting walls with water-based paint are much greater. This is both a wide range of colors and the ability to tint initially white paint (on a special machine or by hand). The color scheme for such paint is realized in a pasty or powdery state. Quick drying of the paint is also a plus, and after a couple of hours you can touch the painted surfaces.

Another plus will be a long service life, and at least 5 years, as well as 20 years.

Over the course of its life, the paint will resist burning and withstand high temperatures. For this reason, this paint is best applied to wooden houses. The paint also hides small cracks in the base, and if their width is not more than 2 mm, then you can pre-fill nothing. After the water evaporates, the film will retain its elasticity for several more years. We also attribute the ease of applying paint to the pluses, because it does not drain, and it does not matter whether it is a horizontal or vertical surface.

The composition will lie flat and can be easily washed off from areas where it accidentally got.