Repair of the facade of a private house: methods and step-by-step technology for carrying out work

The attractiveness of a house largely depends on the appearance of the facade walls. In addition, there are special construction technologies that allow, simultaneously with the repair of the facade walls, to carry out the insulation of the building - the losses for payment of heat carriers during the heating season are significantly reduced, the comfort of stay in the premises is improved.

The need to repair the facade arises for several reasons.

1. Natural physical wear and tear of building materials . There is nothing eternal, each type of building materials has its own maximum service life.

   The need to carry out repairs can also arise due to the wrong choice of materials, some of them can serve for several decades, and the latter lose their original properties after a few years.

   

   House restoration, before and after

   For example, foam plastic products are installed on plastered with cement-sand mortar as decorative elements. The service life of these materials is incomparable, situations arise when foam structures have to be changed on quite suitable walls.

   

   Replacement of facade decor

   Another reason is the wrong choice of materials, such problems have houses finished with imported materials. Unfortunately, not all masters previously paid attention to the technical characteristics of imported materials, especially since the instruction in Russian was often absent.

   As a result, situations arose when facing materials suitable for use only at positive temperatures were used to decorate houses in the northern regions of our country.

   

   Large cracks in the plaster

   Pay attention to the appearance of the facades, finished with imported materials ten years ago. You will not find whole surfaces, they have cracks, in some places the finish falls off. This is a clear example of the use of building materials without taking into account the recommendations of manufacturers.

   

   Flaking and peeling of the plaster

2. Gross violations of building codes and regulations.

   Such mistakes are made by both construction crews and inexperienced craftsmen trying to decorate facades on their own. The former skip some technological operations in order to speed up work and increase their earnings, the latter out of ignorance or inability. Plaster falls off, siding sags, windows and doors do not open / close. The repair is quite complicated, most often it is required to dismantle defective coatings.

   

   Replacement of broken siding

3. Emergencies .

   Facade walls are damaged after fires, hurricanes and hail. The amount of repair work depends on the degree of damage. In some cases, you have to make major repairs, in others, quite cosmetic.

   

   Siding after a fire

The technology of repair work depends on the material of the facade walls and the finishing features, the amount of work and their difficulties. All types of repair can be divided into two: cosmetic and major.

Specific stages of work depend on the complexity of the damage and the type of finishing of the facade walls. Let's consider the most common cases.

Repair of plastered facade walls

Walls are plastered on brick, concrete and block buildings. If the technology is observed, they can serve for many decades, problems arise only as a result of emergencies or gross violations of the work technology. How to repair plastered facade walls?

Step 1. Examine the surfaces carefully. Identified deep cracks immediately mark with chalk or a marker, pay attention to their location.

If plaster is visible on the facade, it is a big problem. We'll have to tap all surfaces to identify the air chambers. Check the walls with an ordinary wooden mallet, a drum sound will appear in the place of a fragile connection. Knock back the plaster without pity, don't expect it to last.

Plaster can fall at the most inopportune moment, which will complicate the repair work.

To audit the condition of the walls of two-story buildings, you need to collect scaffolding. Beat off the plaster until you come across solid.

Step 2. Inspect the condition of the brickwork under the fallen off plaster, in many In cases where the brick in such areas has lost its strength, it crumbles easily. Remove it, if after removal a large depression has formed, then it will have to be repaired.

1. Thoroughly clean the bricks, loose pieces must be removed.If in doubt, it is recommended to fix the dowels on the surfaces, wind a little galvanized wire around them - this is how elementary reinforcement is made.
2. The holes are sealed in several stages with a "greasy" cement-sand mortar. A "greasy" mortar should have at least one part of cement for two parts of sand. At one time, close up no more than three centimeters of the depth of the hole in the wall, sketch the next layer only after the previous one has set.

   Before covering the surface of the bricks, be sure to moisten, use brushes or spray guns, depending on the size of the defect.

   

   Brick repair

Small cracks are repaired with a metal spatula. You can use a commercial putty or make a solution yourself. As always, moisten the area before sealing.

Prices for popular types of putty

Putties

Practical advice.

The faster the putty dries, the less its strength. Cracks are closed with a thin layer, as a result, it quickly loses moisture. To improve its strength, wet the surface several times during setting.

Once the mortar is completely dry, plaster. After leveling the surface with a damp sponge, carefully level the place where the new plaster adheres to the old one, do not allow any changes in height.

Video - Facade plaster

Next, the walls need to be painted. The paint should be the same as the old one or slightly darker. If you want to make the facades lighter, then you need to cover the walls in at least two layers. Before painting, use a roller or brush over the freshly plastered wall areas. If this is not done, then multi-colored spots will be noticeable on the facade.

Use only dyes for outdoor use, water-based facade paints have excellent characteristics. In terms of price to quality, they have no equal among other materials. If there is dust or dirt on the front walls, then they will have to be cleaned. Use ordinary brushes, some areas can be washed off with running water from a garden hose. Of course, after washing, the walls must dry.

Prices for different types of building paints

Construction paint

How to seal a hole in the foam

Many brick and panel houses are insulated with foam plates. They are fixed on the front walls, protected from damage with a plastic reinforcing mesh, sealed with putty and painted.

Polyfoam has excellent heat saving performance, quite affordable material for the price. But he has one unpleasant characteristic - low strength.As a result, with strong impacts, holes appear on the facade cladding.

They should be sealed in the following way:

• with a sharp assembly knife, cut the reinforcing mesh around the damage;
• clean the hole from damaged foam, remove all "balls";
• Stick thin pieces of wire around the hole in the foam board. They should enter the body of the sheet by several centimeters, and block the hole crosswise. This construction will act as a reinforcement;
• wet the surface of the foam and seal the hole with foam. Allow time for it to harden;
• cut off excess foam at the level of the foam board;
• carefully seal the damaged area with putty. A reinforcing mesh patch can be omitted, the probability of repeated damage to the wall in the same place is very small.

  If you are worried, then the patch should be at least 5 cm larger than the size of the hole along the entire perimeter. But know that a thickening will appear at this place, which an experienced builder will always notice.

Next, the surface needs to be painted. It is impractical to repaint the entire facade, choose the color of the dye, experiment with various additives and their amount. Remember that the shade of the paint will change slightly after it dries, try it on any pieces of styrofoam before applying.

Repair of plastic and wood facade cladding

This facade finish has a universal application, it is used for both wooden and stone buildings. If you need to change the entire skin, then prepare for a significant investment of time and money. The old cladding is completely dismantled, the supporting frame is removed. At the same time, visible wall defects are eliminated. If moments of natural ventilation were missed during the sheathing, then mold or mildew may appear on the surface.

Such areas must be impregnated with special antibacterial agents. In the future, when installing a new casing, do not forget about the arrangement of vents for ventilation.

There are times when one or more plastic panels need to be replaced. How is this repair done? There are two options, choose the optimal one for yourself

First. Remove the entire row of plastic panels from the wall, starting at the top.

Very long, difficult and uncomfortable. We do not recommend using this method.

Second. Only remove the damaged plastic panel. It is not even possible for the entire length, but only the problematic part between the vertical carrier rails.

1. Carefully cut off the damaged area with a grinder. Make sure not to damage nearby ones, do not cut to the end with a grinder, use a sharp knife at the finish.
2. Break open and remove the cut panel.If it was fixed with a stapler, then pry and remove the metal staples with the tip of a knife.

   

   Pry the panel up and take out

3. Remove the dimensions and prepare a piece of the new panel.

   Pay great attention to the joints, they should be as even as possible, if necessary, adjust them several times until a positive result is obtained.

4. Cut the full length of the back wall of the panel to be inserted in two places. Now it can bend, making it easier to install and fix in the locks.
5. Apply liquid nails to the points of abutment to the supporting grill, bend the panel and insert it into place, snap into the lock. Press the panel down and leave it in that state until the liquid nails dry.

If you have pieces of panels left after cladding the facade of the house, then after the repair the wall will completely restore its original appearance. If not, go to the store and pick up similar panels. And then how lucky.

With wooden clapboards, the work is a little more difficult. After dismantling the damaged one, clean the place, take out all the carnations.

You cannot insert a new section into the lock. Carefully remove the thorn from one side of the new piece and put it in place. One edge will go into the castle, and the other will have to be nailed with carnations. Pre-bite off the heads from them, protect the visible metal rod from rust by any method.

Lining prices

Lining

How to repair the facades of old wooden houses

Most often, old village houses require such work.

Depending on the technical condition, the work can be quite simple or very complex. We advise you to sheathe the walls with plastic clapboard. Why? First, it is the fastest and cheapest option. Secondly, it makes no sense to use expensive wooden lining for decoration, with the exception that you want to not only repair, but also restore the building.

Be sure to insulate the walls at the same time as the facade cladding.

Modern energy prices force us to take all possible measures to insulate buildings. Old houses are small in size, there is no point in reducing the internal area for insulation. Do not assume that wooden houses meet modern requirements for heat conservation. For the middle zone of our country, the thickness of the log house should be 60 cm, only such parameters meet the requirements for heat conservation. Have you seen a lot of houses with such parameters of wall thickness? For an example of repairing the facade of an old house, we will choose the most difficult option - the facade walls must not only be sheathed, but also repaired.

Step 1. Remove the old casing, if any, of course. Inspect the condition of the frames of the frame and the foundation. If the house is very old, then the two lower crowns will have to be changed, they are sure to rot. In addition, foundations were not made for such buildings; the house was built on large boulders.

At best, they were all around the perimeter, at worst only at the corners. People of the older generation remember how the doors did not open in winter and did not close in summer, or vice versa. The house was so "walked" that even the window frames were warped. Modern cladding technologies require the bearing facade walls to be fixed. Conclusion - the foundations will have to be strengthened.

Step 2. If you need to change the rotten crown of a log house, you will have to call for help from professional craftsmen. They need to be able to work with an ax and a chisel, not just a chainsaw. Each front wall in turn is jacked up on both sides, and rotten logs are removed. As a rule, the floor covering was done on the third and higher crown, the old builders provided for the need to periodically replace one or two crowns.

This makes things much easier.

Important. There are five-walled houses. This name is given to buildings that, in addition to the front ones, have another load-bearing wall. They are much larger in area than ordinary ones.

When jacking up the house, be sure to lift the "fifth" wall. If this is not done, deformations can reach critical values, which will negatively affect the stability of the entire structure.

Step 3. Remove the rotten logs, take measurements and prepare new ones. They must first be prepared and dried under a canopy for at least a year.

Step 4. Make columnar foundations. A minimum depth of 50 cm plus a sand cushion up to 20 cm thick. Set the posts on a level at a distance of about two meters. Digging is very inconvenient, but there is nothing you can do, you have to work a little.

Step 5. After the cement has hardened, place the logs on the posts and lower log house in place. Don't forget about waterproofing. One façade wall has been repaired, start working on the rest.

Video - Replacing the crown

The next step is windows and doors.

This is a very important element of the facade. In most cases, you will have to change not only the windows and doors themselves, but also the boxes. If the log house is askew, saw through new smooth openings. It is not recommended to install plastic windows on such houses, the house looks very strange. But this is a matter of personal taste.

Video - Replacing windows in a wooden house

Video - Installing a window in a wooden house

The next step is impregnation of the facade walls with effective antiseptics. Do not skip this stage, the tree is old and no longer has its original strength. In addition, some damages remain invisible at first, manifest themselves after sheathing.

Prices for wood preservatives

Impregnation for wood

The preparation of the facade walls is complete , you can start plating. As we already said, it is more profitable to immediately insulate the walls.

Take mineral wool with a thickness of at least 10 cm, it is better to use rolled wool: it fits snugly against the walls and provides increased thermal protection. In addition, mineral wool does not interfere with the ventilation of wooden walls.

Important. To prevent moisture from accumulating in the material, it is necessary to make effective natural ventilation of the space between the insulation and the outer skin.

For finishing, choose a plastic (vinyl) lining according to your taste, the installation technology is standard.

If there is a desire to finish the basement of the facade walls, then it is better to use natural or artificial stone. For fixing, you will have to fix a strong supporting frame. Do not forget to make drainage and blind area. Old houses do not always have such elements.

Practical recommendations

Renovate façade walls at the first sign of deterioration.

During the inspection, the main thing is to find the cause of the appearance of defects and take measures to eliminate it. The most difficult option - cracks appear on the brick facade walls due to problems with the foundation. These can be manifestations of both violations of construction technology and ineffective drainage of melt and rainwater. Repair of the foundations of brick houses can only be done by specialized construction companies, do not do them yourself. The harm can be very great.

Many old wooden houses were sheathed with natural clapboard, and painted with oil paints on top. If you want to change the paint, then be prepared for difficulties. Practitioners know that it is only in articles that such paint can be removed "quickly and without problems." It is very difficult to remove it, you will have to work with a spatula, a grinder with a metal brush, an industrial hair dryer.

After removing the paint, the surfaces of the lining should be sanded, leaked places should be repaired, etc.

In practice, preparatory work takes at least a week. And then the surfaces will never return to their original appearance.Only after such a complex and lengthy preparation can you start a new painting of the facade walls of a wooden house.

Prices for pneumatic airbrushes, spray guns, texture guns

Pneumatic airbrushes, spray guns, texture guns

During construction or renovation of houses never discard leftover facade materials. Their presence greatly simplifies the work, traces of repairs on the facade are invisible.

If the store cannot find materials identical in appearance, then you will have to come up with and use additional decor elements to hide the prominent areas. It can be stucco molding, small ornaments on the wall, etc. An alternative is to completely renew the external decoration of the facade walls.

Video - Painting the facade of a wooden house