But the material is organic, and therefore various biological factors pose a danger to it: insect pests, bacteria, mold, fungi and much more. Therefore, the tree needs reliable protection.
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A number of measures have been developed in housing construction to prevent damage to wooden structures.
This includes procedures designed to reduce exposure to moisture — proper ventilation, blind area and drainage. Only high-quality, perfectly dried wood should be used. But drying alone is not enough.
Wood is a fairly porous material that can absorb moisture during construction, or later, during use.
One of the most effective ways to protect the material is to treat it with various special agents, including wood preservatives.
This group of drugs includes special chemicals that are harmful to various harmful bacteria.
On store shelves you can find many products, belonging to this type, both domestic and foreign. What antiseptic to choose for your own home so that it is reliably protected in all respects? To do this, it must have antimicrobial, insecticidal and antifungal effects. A good quality drug should not only be harmful to pathogens, but also absolutely safe for human health.
It does not have an unpleasant, pungent odor, and the treated wood provides protection from ultraviolet radiation and moisture.
At the same time, the operational properties of wood should not suffer, as well as the adjacent metal elements, if any, should corrode. The stability of the active substance plays an important role in a successful choice. Modern drugs guarantee protection from 8 to 35 years maximum.
What are these substances? These are special water-repellent compounds and impregnations, the purpose of which is to protect wooden materials from all kinds of living organisms that can feed on them: microbes, fungi and insects. It is always best to pre-treat the building material.
But if the infection does occur, a suitable high-quality drug may well stop the process.
Preparations are divided into different types based on their constituent components:
Water-soluble
They are used in cases where the treated surface will not be be exposed to moisture.Otherwise, the coating may simply wash off (dissolve) over time, leaving the material unprotected, thereby reducing its service life. When choosing this type of antiseptic, it should be remembered that after applying the composition, within a certain time, it must dry well.
To improve the protective effect after treatment with a septic tank, it is better to additionally cover the surface with some kind of waterproof material, for example, varnish.
Oily
These agents are used when it is required to protect the tree from moisture.
This is a popular product with a specific odor, containing shale, coal or anthracene oil. Under their influence, wood fibers darken. Not applicable for interior use due to persistent odor. After processing, it is not washed off with water, does not have a negative effect on metal parts.
Typically used for wood products that are constantly exposed to air. These are hemp foundations, railway sleepers, and so on. The disadvantage of the product is its flammability.
Organosoluble
Such means are rarely used, since they have a number of disadvantages. In their composition, they contain a certain amount of cuprum pentachlorophenol naphthenate (containing copper), and are able to penetrate deep into the wood, noticeably strengthening it.
But in addition to a fairly high toxicity, these antiseptics endow the processed materials with the following properties:
Usually, products containing organic solvents are preferred for outdoor use. But it must be borne in mind that they are dangerous for metal, as they contribute to the occurrence of corrosive processes.
Combined
Such means successfully combine the properties of several different drugs. Their purpose is not only to protect the tree from parasites, fungi and mold, but also, for example, to give it the ability to resist burning.
These drugs are called flame retardants.
Which antiseptic should you prefer? How to make a choice?
In order to choose the composition that is optimal in terms of quality, several important factors must be taken into account. This is the density and porosity of the material, its ability to absorb, grade or type of wood.
By resistance, tree species are usually subdivided into the following groups:
These include oak, pine, core larch and ash.
They are not as durable and reliable as the two already noted types. These include the sapwood of oak, maple, beech, birch, and the core of an elm.
The next category by which the varieties of wood differ from each other is their ability to be impregnated with compounds:
All preparations can be divided into two conditional types, depending on their main purpose:
It is perfectly acceptable to start processing with such material immediately after the necessary lumber has been purchased. It will be possible to start priming and painting it only when one or two layers of the preparation are completely absorbed into the surface of the tree.
Therapeutic antiseptics can also be used as prophylactic ones, in cases where it is known in advance that the operating conditions of a potential structure will be unfavorable. For example, it will be high humidity.
The most suitable antiseptic composition is selected depending on the type of wood, and based on the purpose of the material of the frame house. The features of the processing of wooden products also depend on this. According to the method and area of application, all antiseptics can be conditionally divided into two types.
For outdoor use
Preparations for outdoor applications are substances that are used to protect wooden parts exposed to the harsh outdoor conditions.
Since these objects are actually in the open air, they quite often experience the influence of the environment: ultraviolet radiation, precipitation, a sharp change in temperature, etc.
Therefore, the external antiseptics used in this case must be persistent and of high quality, providing reliable protection.
They often have a pungent specific odor, which can be removed only after the processed material has completely dried. This can take from one month to two.
These substances perfectly tolerate solar radiation, the negative effects of high humidity, but they are not intended for interior work.
They, in turn, are divided into two groups:
Both finishing preparations and impregnation antiseptics can be used separately, but often the owners choose combined products with different functions.
For internal work
These compositions are characterized by one feature: after processing them on the surface of the material, a microfilm is formed.
It clogs up toxic substances, as it were, preventing them from eroding. This is very important for substances used for internal work, since it ensures not only the safety of wood, but also safety for the health of people in the room. These products are quite stable and do not need regular reapplication.
The specific type of preparation is selected from the purpose of the room to be treated. If you choose an antiseptic for treating surfaces in a room where high temperatures and extremely high humidity are expected, saunas and baths are suitable.
It is necessary to study the performance characteristics of the drug indicated in its passport. It is better to buy drugs from reputable companies to avoid unpleasant surprises.
In order for the wood processing to be durable and effective, simple but important rules should be observed:
Getting wet from the effects of precipitation, then drying out under the hot sun, the wood fibers dry out, the structure of the material cracks and darkens. Its quality is reduced and the service life is reduced.
In the product line presented by the company there are also impregnations for priming, decorative compositions with a calorizing effect, all kinds of quick-drying protective agents. The special colorless "Pinotex" can be mixed with dyes and used for outdoor use.
The products manufactured under this brand are able to perfectly protect the material not only from high humidity and mold, but also from the harmful negative effects of the scorching sun rays.
The fact is that the enterprise sells its products in the form of a concentrate, which significantly reduces its cost and makes it more affordable for consumers. Her funds are available in special sealed bags, in the form of a dry mixture.
( 1 grade, average 5 of 5 )
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