Review of wood preservatives - which one is better to choose? Choice for exterior and interior decoration and correct selection and processing + Views and Videos

Wood is a valuable, natural building material. The buildings made from it have a good microclimate, an optimal level of humidity, in winter they are warm and comfortable, and in summer they are quite cool.

But the material is organic, and therefore various biological factors pose a danger to it: insect pests, bacteria, mold, fungi and much more. Therefore, the tree needs reliable protection.

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A number of measures have been developed in housing construction to prevent damage to wooden structures.

This includes procedures designed to reduce exposure to moisture — proper ventilation, blind area and drainage. Only high-quality, perfectly dried wood should be used. But drying alone is not enough.

Wood is a fairly porous material that can absorb moisture during construction, or later, during use.

One of the most effective ways to protect the material is to treat it with various special agents, including wood preservatives.

This group of drugs includes special chemicals that are harmful to various harmful bacteria.

Protection for wood

On store shelves you can find many products, belonging to this type, both domestic and foreign. What antiseptic to choose for your own home so that it is reliably protected in all respects? To do this, it must have antimicrobial, insecticidal and antifungal effects. A good quality drug should not only be harmful to pathogens, but also absolutely safe for human health.

It does not have an unpleasant, pungent odor, and the treated wood provides protection from ultraviolet radiation and moisture.

At the same time, the operational properties of wood should not suffer, as well as the adjacent metal elements, if any, should corrode. The stability of the active substance plays an important role in a successful choice. Modern drugs guarantee protection from 8 to 35 years maximum.

What are these substances? These are special water-repellent compounds and impregnations, the purpose of which is to protect wooden materials from all kinds of living organisms that can feed on them: microbes, fungi and insects. It is always best to pre-treat the building material.

But if the infection does occur, a suitable high-quality drug may well stop the process.

Antiseptics: types

Preparations are divided into different types based on their constituent components:

Water-soluble

They are used in cases where the treated surface will not be be exposed to moisture.Otherwise, the coating may simply wash off (dissolve) over time, leaving the material unprotected, thereby reducing its service life. When choosing this type of antiseptic, it should be remembered that after applying the composition, within a certain time, it must dry well.

Oily

These agents are used when it is required to protect the tree from moisture.

This is a popular product with a specific odor, containing shale, coal or anthracene oil. Under their influence, wood fibers darken. Not applicable for interior use due to persistent odor. After processing, it is not washed off with water, does not have a negative effect on metal parts.

Typically used for wood products that are constantly exposed to air. These are hemp foundations, railway sleepers, and so on. The disadvantage of the product is its flammability.

Organosoluble

Such means are rarely used, since they have a number of disadvantages. In their composition, they contain a certain amount of cuprum pentachlorophenol naphthenate (containing copper), and are able to penetrate deep into the wood, noticeably strengthening it.

But in addition to a fairly high toxicity, these antiseptics endow the processed materials with the following properties:

• Difficult adhesion due to a significant decrease in surface porosity;
• Painting products and workpieces in green color.

Combined

Such means successfully combine the properties of several different drugs. Their purpose is not only to protect the tree from parasites, fungi and mold, but also, for example, to give it the ability to resist burning.

These drugs are called flame retardants.

Which antiseptic should you prefer? How to make a choice?

In order to choose the composition that is optimal in terms of quality, several important factors must be taken into account. This is the density and porosity of the material, its ability to absorb, grade or type of wood.

By resistance, tree species are usually subdivided into the following groups:

• Resistant. They are characterized by resistance to decay processes, reliability, strength and durability.

  These include oak, pine, core larch and ash.

• Medium resistant. They have a lower resistance to decay processes. These include sapwood, spruce, cedar and fir larch.
• Not very durable.

  They are not as durable and reliable as the two already noted types. These include the sapwood of oak, maple, beech, birch, and the core of an elm.

• Unstable. These are the varieties of wood that are more susceptible to negative putrefactive changes than others. These include alder, birch core, linden sapwood, aspen.

The next category by which the varieties of wood differ from each other is their ability to be impregnated with compounds:

1. Lightly impregnated - these types include sapwood of birch, beech and pine.
2. Moderate capacity - these include aspen, core of pine, sapwood of oak, maple and linden.
3. Hardly impregnated - spruce, core of ash, oak and birch.

Use of antiseptics: classification by purpose

All preparations can be divided into two conditional types, depending on their main purpose:

• Preventive. They are used at the very beginning of construction or even before the start of the process.

  It is perfectly acceptable to start processing with such material immediately after the necessary lumber has been purchased. It will be possible to start priming and painting it only when one or two layers of the preparation are completely absorbed into the surface of the tree.

• Healing. They are resorted to in cases where problems with the material have already appeared, and they need to be eliminated. For example, wood has undergone putrefaction, or has been affected by microorganisms and insects - these are the means that can help it.

  Therapeutic antiseptics can also be used as prophylactic ones, in cases where it is known in advance that the operating conditions of a potential structure will be unfavorable. For example, it will be high humidity.

Antiseptic solutions: classification by use

The most suitable antiseptic composition is selected depending on the type of wood, and based on the purpose of the material of the frame house. The features of the processing of wooden products also depend on this. According to the method and area of ​​application, all antiseptics can be conditionally divided into two types.

For outdoor use

Preparations for outdoor applications are substances that are used to protect wooden parts exposed to the harsh outdoor conditions.

Since these objects are actually in the open air, they quite often experience the influence of the environment: ultraviolet radiation, precipitation, a sharp change in temperature, etc.

Therefore, the external antiseptics used in this case must be persistent and of high quality, providing reliable protection.

These substances perfectly tolerate solar radiation, the negative effects of high humidity, but they are not intended for interior work.

They, in turn, are divided into two groups:

• impregnations - these compositions are intended for deep penetration into tissues to destroy mold, insects and fungi in them ;
• topcoats - designed to protect the impregnating layer from weathering. They do not penetrate deep into the fibers, but they form a special protective film on the surface of the processed material.

Both finishing preparations and impregnation antiseptics can be used separately, but often the owners choose combined products with different functions.

For internal work

These compositions are characterized by one feature: after processing them on the surface of the material, a microfilm is formed.

It clogs up toxic substances, as it were, preventing them from eroding. This is very important for substances used for internal work, since it ensures not only the safety of wood, but also safety for the health of people in the room. These products are quite stable and do not need regular reapplication.

The specific type of preparation is selected from the purpose of the room to be treated. If you choose an antiseptic for treating surfaces in a room where high temperatures and extremely high humidity are expected, saunas and baths are suitable.

It is necessary to study the performance characteristics of the drug indicated in its passport. It is better to buy drugs from reputable companies to avoid unpleasant surprises.

Peculiarities of antiseptic treatment

In order for the wood processing to be durable and effective, simple but important rules should be observed:

• It is advisable to process freshly sawn wood with special impregnations in autumn or spring. The spring period is characterized by the beginning of the active movement of sap in trees, and wood harvested during this period is especially susceptible to putrefactive processes, the formation of fungi and mold.
• If the harvested material is not processed in spring, then aging processes can begin in it already in the summer.

  Getting wet from the effects of precipitation, then drying out under the hot sun, the wood fibers dry out, the structure of the material cracks and darkens. Its quality is reduced and the service life is reduced.

• It is important to strictly observe the technology of wood processing with an antiseptic, maintaining all proportions and application rules. The surface to be treated must be properly prepared: it must certainly be dry and clean. For this, a simple metal scraper and ordinary white spirit are used.

• Processing is carried out in a specific order. First, the composition is applied to the ends of the elements, to various transverse intersections, to small parts - to the places that are most vulnerable.
• An important factor that must be taken into account is the weather and the environment t during processing. For water-soluble drugs, this indicator is +10 ° C, for organic solvents +5 ° C. The air humidity must be at least eighty percent.

Popular representatives

1. An antiseptic agent "Senezh" is widely known and actively demanded in the domestic market. It is used for primary treatment, in addition, it can be used as a protective coating for already treated surfaces. The drug of this brand is excellent for structures for both public and residential use, excellently resists biological degradation of all kinds. It is not used on surfaces already coated with varnishes, oily compounds and other hydrophobic agents.
2. Under the Pinotex brand , consumers are offered several types of special compositions for wood.

   In the product line presented by the company there are also impregnations for priming, decorative compositions with a calorizing effect, all kinds of quick-drying protective agents. The special colorless "Pinotex" can be mixed with dyes and used for outdoor use.

3. Antiseptic "Aquatex" is a modern, environmentally friendly product that can also be bought on the Russian market. Its actual safety allows it to be successfully used inside residential and other premises.
4. The well-known company "Tikkurila" produces antiseptics of effective action, very resistant to the adverse effects of the external environment.

   The products manufactured under this brand are able to perfectly protect the material not only from high humidity and mold, but also from the harmful negative effects of the scorching sun rays.

5. "Pirilax" - a very special, unique type of antiseptic-fire retardant, which, among other things, reduces the combustibility of wood materials. It also prolongs their service life, slows down the aging process in wood, and protects it from cracking. It also acts as a disinfectant on the tree: it gets rid of mold, fungi, insects and bacterial infections.
6. Derived from the domestic company "Neomid" does not look like the products of other firms.

   The fact is that the enterprise sells its products in the form of a concentrate, which significantly reduces its cost and makes it more affordable for consumers. Her funds are available in special sealed bags, in the form of a dry mixture.

( 1 grade, average 5 of 5 )