technology and installation on a wooden roof, its types and device- Overview + Video

Roofing material is an insulating material usually produced in rolls. Most people know it as the simplest roof covering. It perfectly protects against all kinds of precipitation, perfect for covering repairs. It is also actively used as a waterproofing (lining) layer. The industry produces different types of roofing felt, and before heading to the store, it would be nice to figure out how they differ.

What material is suitable in each specific case, and how to make the right choice?

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Roofing felt: types

There are several different grounds for classifying a material. According to its main purpose, it can be of two types: lining "lower" and roofing "upper". The composition of this material is quite simple. Ordinary roofing cardboard is well impregnated with petroleum bitumen, then high-quality refractory bitumen with some kind of roofing dressing is applied on both sides.

The latter enhances the moisture resistance of the material, protects it from mechanical damage and the negative effects of ultraviolet radiation, prevents the material from sticking in the roll.

It is the type of dressing used that determines the properties and type of roofing material.

• With one-sided coarse-grained dressing. This material is versatile, used as waterproofing, as well as the bottom and top layers of the coating.
• With dusting (or stone chips) from the dusty and front side. This type is used exclusively over the roof.

• With two-sided mica schist or one-sided flake sprinkling. With its help, the roof is equipped - its upper part.
• With fine-grained, one-sided or two-sided dressing (eg sand). It is used as waterproofing or as the bottom layer of the roof.
• With dusty dusting (talc or chalk).

  Suitable, like the previous one, for waterproofing and installing the lower layer of roofing.

Which should be the thickness of the roofing material?

For example, the top layer can reach five millimeters, while the lining is somewhat thinner - up to 3.5 mm. How to choose the right ruberoid? In the store, you need to pay attention to the labeling - an abbreviation that includes numbers and letters.

This is not just a label, it contains important information about the material.

The letter "P", located first, means the name of the material, roofing material. The second letter, "P" or "K", denotes its functional characteristics - it is a lining material or roofing felt.

The third letter deciphers the type of used sprinkling:

• H - flake;
• M - fine-grained;
• PP - dusty;
• K - coarse-grained.

Modern modifications

Technologies for the manufacture of building materials for the roof do not stand still, they are constantly being improved.

This also applies to roofing material. In recent years, it has undergone significant changes: the result is hugely improved, modified versions.

There are three different types of this modern material.

• Glass roofing material, or glass insulation. Instead of cardboard, a special fiberglass is used in the manufacturing process, which gives the material completely different, additional qualities.

  Such roofing material has increased resistance to spoilage and decay, does not form cracks. He is able to maintain his qualities for 20 years.

• Rubemast. It does not differ too much from the usual roofing material. Cardboard is also used as a basis for its manufacture, but the layer of binding material on its wrong side is thicker.

  This volumetric bituminous layer gives the material better qualities. It is much more plastic than usual, less susceptible to cracking, and is used for up to 15 years.

• Euroruberoid. Perhaps, only the name connects it with well-known material. Well, and the appearance.

  For its other qualities, this is a completely different roof covering. The material is made on the basis of fiberglass or polyester. From on top of them a special coating is applied, which is a mixture of polymer additives and bitumen. The material has unique performance characteristics, it feels a bit like rubber. This coating lasts for about 20 years.

All three modifications described above relate to the type of roofing felt . Its installation, as well as a reliable connection to the roof, occurs only through strong heating. The fused roofing felt placed on the roof surface is heated with a gas burner. Thanks to this, he tightly joins her.

Liquid roofing material: features, purpose

Liquid roofing material can rather be considered a mastic, for the manufacture of which liquid rubber was used.

With the help of modern plasticizers and modernizers, special qualities are given to it.

The important working properties of the material include:

• ease of application; in this regard, it hardly differs from a simple paint, and, just like it, is applied with a roller, spray or an ordinary brush;
• durability achieved through the use of plasticizers, modifiers and other modern additives;
• The semi-liquid consistency of this material makes it easy to use for repairs to both soft and hard roofing. The composition is poured into the area of ​​the coating in need of repair, and it fills in all existing gaps, damage and cracks.

The versatility of such a roofing material should also be noted.It is excellently suited for waterproofing work, which involves its active participation in the arrangement of virtually all building elements.

Its service life as insulation significantly exceeds the use of standard roofing felt, fastened with bitumen.

In addition, it is an excellent protection for metal structures, reliably protecting them from corrosion and decay and mold. When the poured material finally hardens, a strong rubber film forms on its surface. It does not allow moisture to pass through at all. There are also some other types of coatings developed on its basis, and to some extent similar to it.

Among them it is possible to note:

• made of asbestos canvas and bitumen "Bitulin", characterized by extreme strength and long service life;
• roofing board, which is not a very durable coating;
• a special, self-adhesive ruberoid, on the wrong side of which a special adhesive is applied. The advantage of this material is its special quality - placed on the roof, it is firmly glued to it under the influence of the heat of the sun's rays. In this he surpasses any type of roofing material.

How to choose quality material

Few choose the appropriate type and grade of material. You also need to pick up an original high-quality roofing material, which is not a cheap fake.

When buying, you should pay attention to the existing certificate, which indicates the brand and GOST.

In a roll, roofing material should be smoothly and tightly wound, without sticking, with possible protrusions of no more than one and a half centimeters. Outwardly, it should be flat, free from damage such as folds, tears, cracks or holes. There may be tears on the edges, no more than 2 pieces, up to 3 centimeters in size. Impregnation, shale or bituminous, must be applied in an even layer.

The section should not show even, poorly impregnated areas. The rolls themselves are packed in special marked paper. In addition to GOST, the stamps indicate the manufacturer's data. When working with all types of roofing materials, fire-prevention measures must be observed. Due to the resins and bitumen included in the material, it is highly combustible.

Care must be taken when using the various hot mastics with which certain types of materials are fixed to the surface. Working with roofing materials is not very difficult and time-consuming, and is quite affordable for almost any builder. Correctly selected type of material of proper quality will provide the roof with a reliable and high-quality coating for a long time.