For many centuries, wooden floors have been used as the main covering for the home, they are also highly environmentally friendly and have a beneficial effect on our health. And laying a wooden floor on logs is available even to non-professional builders. But in order to lay a wooden floor securely, you need to know some tricks and features of this process. Below we will consider them in more detail. [contents ]
You can install a rough wooden floor, that is, using a regular unplaned board.
Usually, this floor is equipped in utility rooms or its installation involves the subsequent finishing with linoleum.
But, as a rule, the floor is made of wood in the final version using planed dry boards. In this case, you do not need additional finishing - you just need to lay the wooden floor.
It is very important to purchase quality wood and correctly calculate the amount of material.
This can be done following simple rules:
Before laying a wooden floor, you should also decide on the type of wood.
For installation and installation in a residential building, cedar, pine, spruce or larch are suitable.
These types of wood are distinguished by increased strength and wear resistance, as well as a good price. To arrange the floor in the children's room, use aspen, oak or alder, they have an original texture and good performance.
It is worth noting that when laying a wooden floor in a bathhouse and in damp rooms, for example, in a bathroom, moisture-resistant wood is suitable - oak, ash or larch.
Before starting the installation, the tree must be treated with antiseptics and fire retardants, which will protect it from mold and various pests.
Usually a wooden floor is laid on a concrete base or logs. And all activities should be carried out in early spring, since the humidity at this time of the year has an optimal indicator.
This method of flooring has great advantages, including:
But this method is not suitable for rooms with low ceilings, since its total thickness is 10 cm.
Logs are installed on a concrete base or ground.
Concrete to be cleaned of debris and all potholes and cracks.
Next, they equip a waterproofing layer that protects the logs from moisture and extends their service life.
A waterproofing material is Pinofol or a thick plastic film, which is laid with an overlap of 20 cm.
After that, the laying of wooden logs begins.
If you need to lay a wooden floor on the ground, then the preparatory work will be rather laborious than installation on a concrete base.
Initially, a layer of soil must be removed along the entire perimeter of the room, while deepening below ground level by 20 cm. Next, a layer of crushed stone is poured, and then - river sand.
Each subsequent layer must be moistened with water and tamped. It is also necessary to lay a waterproofing layer to protect the logs and wooden floor from moisture. And after that, they directly proceed to the installation of wooden logs.
Before laying, the logs are treated with a special water-repellent compound, and left to dry for several days. Supports for logs are brick posts, about 40 cm high and 2 bricks wide. They are installed on a cement mortar and are made necessarily the same along the entire height.
For better control, use a level. For one lag there are two extreme columns, and with a long board, an additional column is placed in the middle.
And the step between adjacent wooden logs is determined from the thickness of the boards to be laid, for example:
It is necessary to place the logs perpendicular to the sunlight.
Initially, you need to lay two logs at opposite ends of the room. The correctness of the installation is checked by the building level. After that, it is necessary to pull the fishing line between the two logs and, guided by it, mount all the other logs.
Fill all the voids between the joists with special insulation. You can use mineral wool, which has high sound and thermal insulation properties.
After installing the log, you need to lay chipboard boards or plywood as a rough base. All sheets are attached to the logs with long nails, and the heads must be sunk.
Next, proceed to the laying of the wooden floor.
The wooden floor can be installed on a concrete base. In this case, laying the floor is much easier.
A waterproofing layer is laid on a concrete screed, for this they take a thick polyethylene film and lay it with an overlap of 20 cm on a concrete base.
Before installing the wooden floor, lay moisture-resistant plywood. In order to hide all the nail heads, it is necessary to slightly widen the holes previously drilled in the screed through the plywood sheets from above.
Laying floors in a wooden house are quite simple. As a rule, the first board is mounted opposite the entrance to the room, although installation can start from any wall.
The first line of boards is installed along the wall, their ends should be tightly pressed against each other. The use of a tongue-and-groove board allows you to rigidly fasten the strips together, because this material is a tongue on one side and a groove on the other.
When installing, you need to step back from the walls by 10 mm, that is, make a certain temperature gap.
All planks are nailed. After installing the first row of planks, you may wonder how to lay the wooden floor further? It's pretty simple. The joint of a pair of boards of a new row must be located approximately in the middle of the board from the previous row, i.e. the boards will be installed almost in staggered sequence.
Do not hit the board with a hammer - this can lead to its split. Just take a piece of board about 20 cm, and it will serve you well as a finishing touch.
Having installed the board, fix the plinth around the perimeter of the room, covering the special technical gap. If you use a board for laying, then the wooden floor will need to be sanded and covered with a special varnish or paint. To remove possible gaps, a putty designed specifically for wood should be used.
If this is your first time installing a wooden floor, then following these simple recommendations, you will quickly master this easy method:
A wooden floor, laid in accordance with all the rules, will serve you for many years and will provide a good microclimate throughout the house.
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