Varieties of varnishes for wood : selection features
Since the earliest times, wood has been successfully used for construction work, the manufacture of furniture, as well as for exterior and interior decoration of buildings.
The material is distinguished by excellent durability, its environmental friendliness and ease of use, but so that it can serve for many years in a row and at the same time does not lose its original appearance, wood varnishes are required for processing, which make it possible to protect surface from abrasion.
In addition, they allow the beauty of the texture of the wood grain to be left open.
Varnishes for wood are one-component or multicomponent compositions of a viscous type, which, after coating the surface of the material, create a durable film with a glossy or matte finish shine. On the modern market, you can find a wide range of paints and varnishes, which differ from each other in content, drying speed,
as well as field of application:
After application, a thick film with a slightly yellowish tint is obtained.
When applied, a thick film is created that is resistant to chemicals and moisture.
They have high elasticity and therefore will not crack during use.
Further it is worth considering the characteristics.
More from those.
the characteristics of varnish compositions for wood can be found in the table below.
Type of paint and varnish composition for wood | Composition | Drying time | Usage |
Oily | Thickened drying or natural oils | From 24 to 72 hours | Coating furniture and other wood products, except for floors |
Resin | Resins of natural and artificial origin | From 24 to 72 hours | The use is the same as for oil formulations |
Acrylic | Plasticizer, acrylic dispersion, water-based | 2 to 3 hours | Finish floor covering, reconstruction of wood products, internal and external work, including wet wood |
Epoxy | Epoxy | 8 to 12 hours | Coating heavily loaded surfaces (doors, wood floors and parquet) |
Nitrolac | Plasticizer, cellulose nitrate, solvent, resins | 20 to 50 minutes | Pencils , musical instruments |
Alkyd | Desiccant, solvent, alkyd resin | Up to 2 days | Parquet, pieces of furniture, floating floor |
Alcohol | Ethyl alcohol resin | 20 to 30 minutes | Articles of furniture, musical instruments |
Polyester | Polyester resin | 3 to 6 hours | Surfaces that require a thick layer of glossy film (musical instruments) |
Alkyd-carbamide | Alkyd resin and carbamide | From several hours to several days | Any kind of wood coatings |
Acrylic-urethane | Solvent, urethanes, acrylic dispersion | From 1 to 2 hours | Interior works (walls, parquet, floors wooden baths or houses) |
Yacht (alkyd-urethane) | Solvent, urethanes, alkyd resin | From 6 to 12 hours | Ship surface coating |
Polyurethane | Hardener and resins | Up to 2 to 3 weeks | Coating parquet floors, garden buildings, interior and exterior walls of wooden buildings, marine yacht |
By average According to the data, the consumption of different varieties of varnish for wood is 1 liter per area from 8 to 10 m 2 .In the case of the subsequent application of the material, a little less is consumed - 1 liter per area from 10 to 12 m 2 , but when processing surfaces, a number of certain criteria must be taken into account,
which will be directly influence the consumption of the formulations:
Next, we propose to consider how to choose varnish compositions for coating surfaces.
Any varnish composition for covering wood is designed, first of all, to protect the treated surface from mechanical damage , exposure to sunlight and moisture, as well as the processes of decay and destruction. The choice of these or those materials will largely depend on the technical characteristics, and therefore it is worthwhile to understand the fact which of the many products will be suitable for a particular case.
When purchasing, you should pay attention to the following parameters:
They are much more expensive in cost than the simplest varnishes for wood, but the costs of fire safety still cannot be compared with the costs that may be needed to recover from a fire.
Next, we propose to consider a separate category of the composition.
The main aspect when purchasing varnish for wood for internal work will be the degree of toxicity. The incredible requirements for environmental friendliness will dictate their own conditions, and for this reason, for surface treatment inside the house, you need to choose compositions that will be as safe as possible for health. Because of this, preference should be given to acrylic and oil compositions that can be applied to pieces of furniture, window frames and other products, even in a children's room.
When wood varnish is chosen to cover floors or even grades on wooden stairs, it is worth considering its resistance to wear and tear. If the room is passable (kitchen or living room), then the best option would be to purchase an alkyd-urethane or polyurethane varnish. For a children's room or bedroom, oil and acrylic products are used.
The drying time of the coating will be of great importance. It is best to leave the house during the renovation, but if this is not possible, then surface treatment should be carried out in the warm season, when it will be possible to open doors and windows for a long time to check the room.
An exception will be wood varnish, which has a water-dispersion base, which is used without restrictions.
From the point of view of the final result, varnish for external coating is almost the same as varnish for wood for indoor work. But when choosing a composition for external decoration, it is worth considering that outdoor surfaces require a higher degree of protection from rot, moisture and mold.
Because of this, the ideal option would be products that, after use, create a water-repellent and vapor-permeable film:
The remaining criteria for choosing a composition for wood will be resistance to ultraviolet rays. Exposure to the sun is the main reason for the rapid deterioration of the coating, because the formulations will quickly lose their protective properties due to burnout. So, when choosing a material, you should give preference to products with special additives that will increase the resistance of the paintwork to ultraviolet light.
The ideal conditions for applying the composition on wood is calm dry weather with a temperature not lower than +10 degrees. Ideally, the humidity level should not be higher than 80%, and the temperature should be from +15 to +35 degrees. Before proceeding with processing, gloves, mask and safety glasses should be prepared.Such accessories are needed even if the work will be carried out outdoors, and the material is non-toxic.
The application of the composition will include several interrelated stages:
Brushes with natural bristles are perfect for applying oil varnish, and with synthetic bristles for a smooth surface. Rollers are relevant for covering a large area, and spray guns are considered the most convenient tool with which you can process not only fences and facades, but even hard-to-reach places.
With the right choice of varnish for wood and adherence to the rules of application, you can get a perfectly smooth and aesthetic surface that will be perfectly protected from the external environment.
( 1 grade, average 5 of 5 )
Posted By: Work Style |13, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |05, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |12, Nov 2020
Posted By: Work Style |05, Nov 2020