We make floors on the ground in a private house with our own hands inexpensively: Step by step + Video

The floor on soil on the strip foundation is significantly different, in that different materials are used in its manufacture.

This floor has many layers. The layers go from the very ground to the final coating. Before starting the installation, we will consider all the features.

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Features of different layers of flooring

The house, where people will later have to live, must be approached with special attention, since the standard of living of people will depend on this.

Floor structure on the ground

Outsole

In order to make floors on the ground that will comply with SNiP, it is necessary to start work with a quality foundation.

First, half a meter, you need to remove the layer of black soil and replace it with sand with a coarse fraction. A layer of sand is raised above the ground level and compacted with a vibrating plate.

In the process of compaction of sand, its surface is watered with water.

This is for better shrinkage. You can also use soil to which gravel has been added.

Backing layer

This layer serves to distribute pressure to the base. After all, if one corner of the house sags, then disastrous consequences cannot be avoided.

In order to make the bedding layer, concrete is poured in five centimeters.

An innovation in the performance of this level is the profiled membrane, due to which the terms of work and the price are reduced.

Waterproofing

Waterproofing is necessary to protect against moisture, important to maintain good condition of the flooring.

If waterproofing materials are not used, fungi , mold , rot may form.

In the future, these unfavorable factors can destroy the foundation and disrupt the comfortable stay in the room.

Waterproofing materials

The following materials are required for waterproofing:

• Bituminous mastic for floors;
• Fiberglass;
• Polyester;
• PVC membrane

The same alternative to the above materials is polyethylene film 3 mm thick and rolled twice.

Thermal insulation

The following materials are used for thermal insulation:

• Mineral wool;
• Expanded clay;
• Polyurethane;
• Glass wool ;
• Expanded polystyrene;
• Polyfoam.

The choice of insulation depends on your desire and finances.

A good solution would be to install a floor heating system (water or electric).

Such a solution, however, will cost you a pretty penny, but a warm floor on the ground will allow you to save on heating in the future.

Base layer

This layer is considered the most important pillar of the building.

A reinforced concrete slab acts as such a layer and it consists of concrete of class B12; steel mesh; crushed stone, ranging in size from 5 to 20 mm.

Leveling screed

The floor must be leveled before final coating.

Align it with a cement-sand mixture and fill it using beacons.

Finishing layer

Any material you like can be selected for finishing. For example:

Vinyl, tiles, linoleum, 3D floor , parquet.

Installing the floor on the ground with your own hands

Next, we will analyze how to properly make the floor on the ground.

For this, two materials are used: concrete and wooden logs. Both options have positive and negative qualities.

The floor on the ground made of wood is characterized by the presence of ventilation , this is achieved by raising the floor above the ground.

Instructions for the installation of a wooden floor

bases

1. 5 cm of crushed stone is poured onto the ground and carefully compacted, then covered with bitumen.
2. Place beacons, then make a floor screed along the ground.

3. Next, we will install brick bedside tables over the entire area, with a distance of about 80 cm. The height of the supports is made approximately in the range of 15-20 cm, because if there are columns, with a lower height, air circulation will be less. And with a greater height of the columns, heat losses will increase.
4. From high humidity, the ends of the posts are covered with roofing material and an overlap of 4 cm is made on the brick.
5. Logs are installed on the posts, the distance between them and the walls should be 2 cm.

   Plastic dowels are used as fastening and steel screws.

6. Before use, wooden logs must be treated with antiseptic agents. Such measures will protect you from the invasion of pests.
7. Next, lay the boards and nail them down. We check the slope of the boards with a level and if there are any deviations, we remove them using an electric plane.

8. The nail heads must be masked with a putty, then the boards are covered with a primer.

After all the procedures, the wooden floor is ready for the installation of the final layer, now it can be painted or varnished. And also, if desired, the floor is equipped with soundproofing and insulated.

Instructions for installation of concrete floor

This method called suspended, because the soil acts as a formwork for a reinforced concrete slab. This design is considered to be strong and durable.

The floor is poured over the ground in the following steps:

1. Set the upper border for pouring, select the doorway as a guide.
2. A layer of gravel and then tamp the sand, due to this we get a filter cushion.
3. Making a vapor barrier. As a material for vapor barrier, we use a plastic film of 0.3 decimeter, it is laid in the base in two layers and overlapped on the walls.

4. We make a lattice of reinforcement to increase the strength of the screed.
5. Using dowels and self-tapping screws, we install beacons.
6. Next, mix the solution, the ratio of ingredients should be 1: 3.

Pour the finished mixture in strips, aligning with the beacons. After the concrete has set, the floor is insulated and the installation of the finishing layer is started.

Warming

Warming the floor is not an unimportant part of the floor structure on the ground. You can insulate the floor with different materials. You can choose the material that will be within your pocket.

The main qualities that the insulation material must have are:

1. Low thermal conductivity;
2. Increased strength to external pressure;
3. Waterproof.

Several types of materials have these qualities:

Polyfoam ...
Fairly cheap stuff. When exposed to bituminous mastics, the foam is subject to destruction.

It is recommended to cover it with plastic wrap on both sides.

Extruded polystyrene foam .
More expensive and better than polystyrene. It is durable, keeps warm, and resists moisture better.

Mineral wool .

Strong and warm material, but the disadvantage of the material is that it absorbs moisture. Therefore, when concreting, it is better to protect this material from contact with the mortar.

Expanded clay .
This material can replace gravel, screed and insulation.

Underfloor heating system

The underfloor heating system is water and electric.

Warm floors are considered very expensive, but at the same time an ideal insulation option.

The choice will be yours, based on your capabilities.

As you understand, the ground floor has a layered structure, and each layer of the floor is important.

The modern building materials market is very diverse and therefore everyone can equip the floor in their own way.

Stick to our recommendations, choose the right materials and do.

Good luck!

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