Block house is one of the many types of lumber used for cladding external and internal walls. In appearance it imitates a natural log, the connection is made in a tenon / groove.
Wooden block house
Sheathing the house with wooden block house
Depending on the quality of wood, it is divided into several types.
Grade | Short description |
---|---|
A | Signs of diseases and malformations of wood are not allowed, healthy knots can have a diameter of no more than 15 mm, the number is not more than 1 piece. / m. n. Rotten knots are prohibited. Cracks can only be at the ends. |
В | There can be up to 2 healthy knots Ø per running meter 20 mm, on the front side there may be shallow cracks no longer than 30 mm. Wormholes no more than 3 pcs. the entire length of the board. |
С | Light knots are allowed without limitation in quantity and size, dead only captive. On the surface, there may be narrow cracks up to 50 mm long. Wood can have blueness and other natural malformations. |
Due to the fact that the assessment of the quality of a block house largely depends on subjective factors, producers often offer mixed varieties in one batch.
In such cases, lumber is designated AB or BC. A block house is made from several types of wood, the features of lumber have a great influence on the cost.
Larch house block
The performance characteristics meet most customer requirements.
Block house, pine
Wooden block house 19.5 * 96 mm, AB grade, coniferous
Larch is used for finishing the most prestigious houses, often used during bathing.
The most common are coniferous lumber. The price, taking into account the type and quality of wood, ranges from 400-1600 rubles. / m3.
Cedar block house
There is no single standard for dimensions, each manufacturer works according to its own specifications, which depend on the capabilities of its equipment. The main requirement during the selection is to buy materials from only one manufacturer.
The most popular lining sizes
Inspect the products carefully for yourself. If you find signs of rot or dead knots falling out, it is best to look for other more responsible producers.
Connecting panels block house
The goods must be hermetically packed, lie on shelves or a pallet under a canopy.
Packing block house
Before starting the installation, it is recommended to withstand a little, if you plan to sheathe the inner surfaces of the walls, then let it lie in the house unpacked for several days. The house block for exterior walls must also be unpacked and folded in a dark place.
The house block is installed only horizontally, in this regard, the crate is made vertical. Several types of hardware are used to fasten the boards.
Clippers
Cheaper method. The disadvantage is that there is a high probability of groove cracks. The fact is that it is very difficult to adjust the screwing force of a self-tapping screw, and if tightened too much, the grooves crack. It is impossible to install the self-tapping screw in a new place due to the small width of the battens of the crate, you have to either skip one fixation or screw it into the front of the house block.
Self-tapping screws
We recommend using this method - quickly, reliably and cheaply.
Finishing nails, galvanized
The house block can be attached both to the spike and to the front surface. The second method is rarely used - the appearance deteriorates significantly, the imitation of a real bar is of poor quality.
Wooden block house
Wall cladding with a block house
The most common version of cladding the facade walls of a building. It allows not only to significantly improve the appearance of the building, but also to increase its heat saving performance up to the regulatory standards.
Cladding is used both during new construction and in the renovation of old buildings.The relatively low weight of the structure does not require complex measures to increase the bearing characteristics of the foundation, the technology can be used on all types of walls: brick, foam concrete, wood, etc.
Step 1. Purchase materials. If you have a large house, it is recommended to buy a wide block of house, it looks great on it.
Accordingly, for small buildings, buy narrow lumber, due to this, the size visually increases. Calculate the area of the walls, while buying, make a small margin of up to 5-7%.
When choosing a house block, carefully evaluate the number of defects. It is important that it does not exceed the standards allowed by GOST
Important. Remember that the house block has two widths: general and useful.
The usable width does not include the tenon dimensions.
Bars are needed for the lathing under the insulation, the width should be the same as the thickness of the insulation.
Building bar for lathing
It is better to insulate the wall with pressed or rolled mineral wool. The use of foam is undesirable and is allowed only as a last resort during the sheathing of various extensions. The thickness of the insulation is at least 10 cm, otherwise its effectiveness will be insufficient.
Mineral wool
Mineral wool
The slats of the main crate should be of the same height. The house block is fixed on a counter lattice; slats with dimensions of 20 * 30 mm are suitable for it. For example, consider a house with wooden walls; we will fix the elements with screws or nails of the appropriate length. To fix the house block, small finishing studs, approximately 2 cm long, are also used. Finishing studs differ from ordinary ones in a small cap and in the presence of an anti-corrosion coating.
There are options for making finishing nails from stainless alloys.
Fastening the block house
Mineral wool must be protected from evaporation of the building (if the walls are wooden), for this, vapor-proof nonwovens are used ...
Vapor barrier
Step 2.
Saturate the timber with antiseptics.
Wood processing
If you want to paint the boards additionally, then it is better to do this even before the walls are upholstered. Sometimes the corners and slopes of the house are sheathed with boards of a darker color - before starting work, they should be painted.
Painting boards
Use only high-quality exterior paints or varnishes for wood. It takes a very long time to repaint buildings, it takes a lot of time to remove the old layer.
It is much more profitable to immediately buy albeit expensive, but high-quality materials.
The house block should be processed three times. Prime for the first time, paint the second time and after installation process the third time. The lacquered house block looks very nice, it is better to use these materials.
Step 3.
Cover the wall with vapor barrier. The material is sold in rolls.Start fixing it from the bottom up, the overlap is at least 10 cm. You can fix it with a stapler. Be sure to seal the seams with special or ordinary tape.
Make sure that there are no folds or sagging on the surface.
Vapor barrier. The canvas is stretched with overlaps, secured with construction brackets and adhesive mounting tape
Practical advice. If you are not sure about the weather, then sheathe not the whole house at once, but in turn each wall. This will reduce the risk of surfaces getting wet during sheathing.
Step 4. Install the frame under the insulation. There are some nuances here. The fact is that in the future, a counter-lattice will be fixed to this main crate directly under the house block. This means that the distance between the uprights should not exceed 60 cm, take this parameter into account when choosing a heater.
Most manufacturers produce products with such dimensions.
Installing the frame over the vapor barrier
Pay close attention to the frame around window and door openings. In these places, you will have to fix extra slats for insulation with the expectation that they will come in handy during the creation of a counter-lattice.
The battens installed around the window openings
The first frame must be precisely aligned vertically. How is this done?
Unscrupulous builders can overwhelm them a little, if such a problem is found, then the plane will have to be leveled due to the linings under the slats. Or, on the contrary, in some places, cut them under a cone.
Using this algorithm, collect the entire crate for insulation.
The frame is easier to install on metal corners, special slots allow you to accurately position the elements vertically.
Schemes for insulating log walls
Step 5. Replace the glass wool. It should fit tightly between the battens of the crate, gaps are strictly not allowed.
And not only due to the fact that the rate of heat saving will decrease. Where there is no glass wool, condensation will constantly accumulate. As a result, wooden structures are wet, even the most effective impregnation cannot protect them from damage for a long time. In addition, moisture will get on the glass wool and significantly increase the thermal conductivity.
Laying of mineral wool slabs between the battens of the sheathing
Photo of the process of laying insulation
For fixing glass wool, use special compression cuffs (rondoli).
They have a wide polyethylene sleeve and a self-tapping screw.
Pressing cuff
It is recommended to cover the front surface with a windscreen. Although none of the real professionals can say why this should be done and what positive effect will be obtained in the end. The insulation perfectly protects the block house cladding from wind and rain. But if you want, buy a windscreen and fix it with a stapler to the slats.
This completes the insulation work, start covering the outer walls of the house. Do not postpone further work for a long time, if it rains, then securely cover the surfaces with plastic wrap.
Bar
Building materials at site
Step 1. Install counter battens on the first main batten. It is now easy to do this, all battens are in the right position.
We have already mentioned that 20 * 30 mm slats can be used for the counter lattice.
Step 2. Hit the line of the first row. This is a very important point, mistakes made are difficult to correct. Especially if you do the corners in a professional way.
We will describe the methods of finishing the inner and outer corners a little below. The line can be made with a laser level. If it is not, then use ordinary water. It is much easier to work with it, in addition, the possibility of error is completely excluded.
The photo shows an example of marking using a laser level
Step 3.
Cut the protruding ones along the bottom line the ends of the crate.
Important. When you close the lower and upper parts of the cladding, be sure to leave air vents for natural ventilation of the structure.
Step 4. Place the first board exactly along the line and secure it with studs.
They will have to be driven in from both sides of the house block. Below in the groove, and above in the thorn. Drive in the nails at an angle, work carefully, do not allow the spike or groove to chip.
Setting the first row
Holes where nails are driven
Installing the second row board
Step 5. After the first row is done, continue laying in the same way.
Often the length of the wall exceeds the length of the house block. How to deal with joints? There are two options.
In the future, a vertical board with a thickness of about 20 mm and a width of 10-15 cm is nailed to the joint. It can be varnished or painted in a dark color. All corners of the building, platbands and slopes are finished with the same boards.Benefits: simplified and accelerated work. There is no need to precisely adjust each joint, to remove the dimensions of individual pieces of the block house.
Disadvantages - it is clear that the work was done by a fake master.
Facade cladding block house
Finishing work process
House after installation, block house
Now, separately, we should talk about finishing the outer and inner corners.
There are also two methods here. Simple - the house block is fitted end-to-end, and the corners are clogged with ordinary planed boards. It works quickly, no skill is required. The disadvantage is that it is not very beautiful, and to put it mildly, the facade walls only vaguely resemble natural timber. The question is, why buy an expensive house block in order to end up ruining the appearance of the building? We will tell you how real professional builders do.
We immediately warn you that you will have to lose a lot of time, but the result will please you.
Step 1. Install the boards on one wall of the inner corner all the way up. Monitor their position at all times. If in simple methods it is allowed to level out the horizontality due to a slight displacement of the house block at the joints, then this option requires special precision in the performance of all work.
Step 2. Make a template. It is made from pieces of thin plywood, fiberboard or thick cardboard. The length of the template should be equal to the width of the house block, the width of the template should be within 10 cm. Cut a rectangle of the correct shape from a piece, attach it to the end of two boards so that the line of symmetry of the template is exactly at the junction of the boards.
With a pencil on the surface, draw the profiles of the front parts of the house block. You should end up with something like the letter M.
Step 3. Flip the board with the convex face down, place the template on the flat back and copy the outline. Make sure that the sharp ledge is located exactly in the middle of the board.
Step 4. Use an electric jigsaw to carefully cut the outline. The front side of the house block is semicircular, it is rather difficult to keep the board motionless. You can make a special device with a recess along the radius of the board, if you don't want to do this, then use various materials at hand to fix the position of the board.
Step 5.
Place the board at the upcoming joint. It will not be possible to adjust the connection the first time; you will have to do it in two stages. If you cut the profile for the template correctly, then the gaps in the joint will not exceed 3-4 mm, but they should also be eliminated.
Step 6. Insert the prepared blank and the tenon, slide it all the way into the sheathed surface of the wall.
Step 7. With a sharpened pencil, draw a new, more precise outline. To do this, the pencil must be pressed along its entire length to the front of the profile and slowly move it along the surface of two blocks of houses. The tip of the pencil at this time should draw a line on the workpiece. With this simple operation, it will be possible to take the exact dimensions to fit the inner corner.
Measurement for trimming
Step 8. Place the board again on a level place, hold it steady. Using an electric surface grinder, remove excess parts from the end of the house block. Working with a sander is easy, but noisy and dusty.
Finishing the butt
Use a fine sandpaper to remove any burrs from the face.
You can take the exact dimensions of the boards along the length only after adjusting the connection in the corner, do not forget about this. Practice shows that already at the 5-6th connection, experience appears, the work goes faster. It must be remembered that materials from well-known manufacturers should be purchased for such cladding. The thickness, radius of bulge and width of the boards must be the same. Unfortunately, not all woodworking companies can meet high quality requirements.
Internal corner, sawn-off panels, block house
That's all, we assure you that the connection will be perfect. Of course, it will take a lot more time.
Neat inner corner
Important. Be sure to re-soak the ends of the fitted boards with antiseptics. This applies to all cutting cases, not just corners.
The prerequisites for cladding the house are the same - the perfect accuracy of the position of the rows. If for the inner corners of the plane the connection of the house block on the adjoining walls occurs along the line of symmetry of the board, then the position of the locks for the outer ones should be at the same level.
The connection is made by sawing the ends at an angle of 45 °. Depending on the parameters of the facade walls, this angle may increase or decrease slightly. There is no need to measure very accurately.
There may be a gap on the back side at the junction, the main thing is that it is not on the front. Further, everything is unchanged - remove the burrs and protect the ends from rot.
The corners are docked at 45 °
We recommend using this professional method of joining in the corners when decorating the interior of the house. If outside it is allowed to use multi-colored boards to close simple connections, then designers prohibit their use during interior decoration.
The photo shows the corners not cut at 45 degrees, later the ends will be covered with boards
Board-covered corners
Facing a house under a log house with a wooden block house
An example of using painted boards for finishing corners and decorating overhangs
Recommended to be used for finishing well-insulated external walls buildings.
This technology reduces the total estimated cost of construction work and shortens their time. There are no fundamental differences in technology. If, during work with heaters, the installation was accurately performed for the main lathing, and the counter lathing was done automatically, then here you need to correctly fix the slats for the house block.
Wall before finishing
Fixed lathing and installation of block house
The exterior of the house after finishing
The most difficult areas of finishing are door and window openings. Work very carefully.
Take all measures to prevent water from entering between the wall and the sheathing.
House faced with a block house
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