Wooden house block: step-by-step instructions for finishing the facade

Block house is one of the many types of lumber used for cladding external and internal walls. In appearance it imitates a natural log, the connection is made in a tenon / groove.

Depending on the quality of wood, it is divided into several types.

Due to the fact that the assessment of the quality of a block house largely depends on subjective factors, producers often offer mixed varieties in one batch.

In such cases, lumber is designated AB or BC. A block house is made from several types of wood, the features of lumber have a great influence on the cost.

1. Larch . One of the most expensive types of wood, whitish in color, resistant to decay. It retains its original appearance for a long time.

   

   Larch house block

2. Oak . It is rare, very expensive lumber. The disadvantage is that it fades over time.
3. Pine . The most frequently used material, in all respects, takes the middle position.

   The performance characteristics meet most customer requirements.

   

   Block house, pine

4. Spruce . The cheapest block house, it is recommended to use it only for interior wall surfaces.

   

   Wooden block house 19.5 * 96 mm, AB grade, coniferous

Larch is used for finishing the most prestigious houses, often used during bathing.

The most common are coniferous lumber. The price, taking into account the type and quality of wood, ranges from 400-1600 rubles. / m3.

What to look for when choosing a block house

There is no single standard for dimensions, each manufacturer works according to its own specifications, which depend on the capabilities of its equipment. The main requirement during the selection is to buy materials from only one manufacturer.

1. Linear dimensions. For interior decoration, the thickness of the boards can be from 25 mm to 30 mm.For external cladding, it is recommended to buy a house block with a thickness of more than 35 mm. In terms of length, the indicators range from 2-6 m, select depending on the size of the walls in such a way as to minimize the number of joints.

   

   The most popular lining sizes

2. Do not really trust the specified classification by grade, this is a subjective indicator.

   Inspect the products carefully for yourself. If you find signs of rot or dead knots falling out, it is best to look for other more responsible producers.

3. Check the connection of the locks. The spike should fit tightly into the groove, but without much effort.

   

   Connecting panels block house

4. Pay attention to storage conditions.

   The goods must be hermetically packed, lie on shelves or a pallet under a canopy.

   

   Packing block house

Before starting the installation, it is recommended to withstand a little, if you plan to sheathe the inner surfaces of the walls, then let it lie in the house unpacked for several days. The house block for exterior walls must also be unpacked and folded in a dark place.

The house block is installed only horizontally, in this regard, the crate is made vertical. Several types of hardware are used to fasten the boards.

1. Kleimers . The most modern method completely eliminates the possibility of groove chipping. Allows, if necessary, to easily dismantle the skin, while the materials retain their original properties. Disadvantages: the price is much higher than other methods, the installation time increases.

   

   Clippers

2. Self-tapping screws .

   Cheaper method. The disadvantage is that there is a high probability of groove cracks. The fact is that it is very difficult to adjust the screwing force of a self-tapping screw, and if tightened too much, the grooves crack. It is impossible to install the self-tapping screw in a new place due to the small width of the battens of the crate, you have to either skip one fixation or screw it into the front of the house block.

   

   Self-tapping screws

3. Carnations .

   We recommend using this method - quickly, reliably and cheaply.

   

   Finishing nails, galvanized

The house block can be attached both to the spike and to the front surface. The second method is rarely used - the appearance deteriorates significantly, the imitation of a real bar is of poor quality.

Prices for wooden block house

Wooden block house

Installation of a wooden block house with insulation

The most common version of cladding the facade walls of a building. It allows not only to significantly improve the appearance of the building, but also to increase its heat saving performance up to the regulatory standards.

Cladding is used both during new construction and in the renovation of old buildings.The relatively low weight of the structure does not require complex measures to increase the bearing characteristics of the foundation, the technology can be used on all types of walls: brick, foam concrete, wood, etc.

Step 1. Purchase materials. If you have a large house, it is recommended to buy a wide block of house, it looks great on it.

Accordingly, for small buildings, buy narrow lumber, due to this, the size visually increases. Calculate the area of ​​the walls, while buying, make a small margin of up to 5-7%.

Important. Remember that the house block has two widths: general and useful.

The usable width does not include the tenon dimensions.

Bars are needed for the lathing under the insulation, the width should be the same as the thickness of the insulation.

It is better to insulate the wall with pressed or rolled mineral wool. The use of foam is undesirable and is allowed only as a last resort during the sheathing of various extensions. The thickness of the insulation is at least 10 cm, otherwise its effectiveness will be insufficient.

Prices for mineral wool

Mineral wool

The slats of the main crate should be of the same height. The house block is fixed on a counter lattice; slats with dimensions of 20 * 30 mm are suitable for it. For example, consider a house with wooden walls; we will fix the elements with screws or nails of the appropriate length. To fix the house block, small finishing studs, approximately 2 cm long, are also used. Finishing studs differ from ordinary ones in a small cap and in the presence of an anti-corrosion coating.

There are options for making finishing nails from stainless alloys.

Mineral wool must be protected from evaporation of the building (if the walls are wooden), for this, vapor-proof nonwovens are used ...

Step 2.

Saturate the timber with antiseptics.

If you want to paint the boards additionally, then it is better to do this even before the walls are upholstered. Sometimes the corners and slopes of the house are sheathed with boards of a darker color - before starting work, they should be painted.

Use only high-quality exterior paints or varnishes for wood. It takes a very long time to repaint buildings, it takes a lot of time to remove the old layer.

It is much more profitable to immediately buy albeit expensive, but high-quality materials.

The house block should be processed three times. Prime for the first time, paint the second time and after installation process the third time. The lacquered house block looks very nice, it is better to use these materials.

Step 3.

Cover the wall with vapor barrier. The material is sold in rolls.Start fixing it from the bottom up, the overlap is at least 10 cm. You can fix it with a stapler. Be sure to seal the seams with special or ordinary tape.

Make sure that there are no folds or sagging on the surface.

Practical advice. If you are not sure about the weather, then sheathe not the whole house at once, but in turn each wall. This will reduce the risk of surfaces getting wet during sheathing.

Step 4. Install the frame under the insulation. There are some nuances here. The fact is that in the future, a counter-lattice will be fixed to this main crate directly under the house block. This means that the distance between the uprights should not exceed 60 cm, take this parameter into account when choosing a heater.

Most manufacturers produce products with such dimensions.

Pay close attention to the frame around window and door openings. In these places, you will have to fix extra slats for insulation with the expectation that they will come in handy during the creation of a counter-lattice.

The first frame must be precisely aligned vertically. How is this done?

1. Check the position of the walls with a plumb line.

   Unscrupulous builders can overwhelm them a little, if such a problem is found, then the plane will have to be leveled due to the linings under the slats. Or, on the contrary, in some places, cut them under a cone.

2. At a distance of no more than 10 cm from the corners, fix the outer rails, check their levelness again. We recommend using a plumb line, the level at a high height of the house can make noticeable errors. Pull the ropes up and down between them.

3. Make markings for the rest of the battens. We have already mentioned that it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the glass wool and the permissible distances for fixing the block house.
4. Fix the battens to the wall one at a time. First attach it to the wall, if necessary, reduce the thickness. Next, you should proceed depending on the wall, everything is fine - fix it, there are problems - align the slats with linings.

   Using this algorithm, collect the entire crate for insulation.

The frame is easier to install on metal corners, special slots allow you to accurately position the elements vertically.

Step 5. Replace the glass wool. It should fit tightly between the battens of the crate, gaps are strictly not allowed.

And not only due to the fact that the rate of heat saving will decrease. Where there is no glass wool, condensation will constantly accumulate. As a result, wooden structures are wet, even the most effective impregnation cannot protect them from damage for a long time. In addition, moisture will get on the glass wool and significantly increase the thermal conductivity.

For fixing glass wool, use special compression cuffs (rondoli).

They have a wide polyethylene sleeve and a self-tapping screw.

It is recommended to cover the front surface with a windscreen. Although none of the real professionals can say why this should be done and what positive effect will be obtained in the end. The insulation perfectly protects the block house cladding from wind and rain. But if you want, buy a windscreen and fix it with a stapler to the slats.

This completes the insulation work, start covering the outer walls of the house. Do not postpone further work for a long time, if it rains, then securely cover the surfaces with plastic wrap.

Prices for various types of bars

Bar

Wall cladding with block house

Step 1. Install counter battens on the first main batten. It is now easy to do this, all battens are in the right position.

We have already mentioned that 20 * 30 mm slats can be used for the counter lattice.

Step 2. Hit the line of the first row. This is a very important point, mistakes made are difficult to correct. Especially if you do the corners in a professional way.

We will describe the methods of finishing the inner and outer corners a little below. The line can be made with a laser level. If it is not, then use ordinary water. It is much easier to work with it, in addition, the possibility of error is completely excluded.

Step 3.

Cut the protruding ones along the bottom line the ends of the crate.

Important. When you close the lower and upper parts of the cladding, be sure to leave air vents for natural ventilation of the structure.

Step 4. Place the first board exactly along the line and secure it with studs.

They will have to be driven in from both sides of the house block. Below in the groove, and above in the thorn. Drive in the nails at an angle, work carefully, do not allow the spike or groove to chip.

Step 5. After the first row is done, continue laying in the same way.

Often the length of the wall exceeds the length of the house block. How to deal with joints? There are two options.

1. The simplest. Place the joints on the same vertical line. At the ends of the board, nails can be driven into the front surface, their length should be 2 cm longer than the thickness of the boards.

   In the future, a vertical board with a thickness of about 20 mm and a width of 10-15 cm is nailed to the joint. It can be varnished or painted in a dark color. All corners of the building, platbands and slopes are finished with the same boards.Benefits: simplified and accelerated work. There is no need to precisely adjust each joint, to remove the dimensions of individual pieces of the block house.

   Disadvantages - it is clear that the work was done by a fake master.

2. A tricky way. The joints should not be placed on one line, but in a checkerboard pattern. The house becomes much more attractive, but it will take longer to work: all the cuts must be perfectly fitted, each piece of the house block is individually adjusted in length.

Now, separately, we should talk about finishing the outer and inner corners.

There are also two methods here. Simple - the house block is fitted end-to-end, and the corners are clogged with ordinary planed boards. It works quickly, no skill is required. The disadvantage is that it is not very beautiful, and to put it mildly, the facade walls only vaguely resemble natural timber. The question is, why buy an expensive house block in order to end up ruining the appearance of the building? We will tell you how real professional builders do.

Finishing of the inner corners

We immediately warn you that you will have to lose a lot of time, but the result will please you.

Step 1. Install the boards on one wall of the inner corner all the way up. Monitor their position at all times. If in simple methods it is allowed to level out the horizontality due to a slight displacement of the house block at the joints, then this option requires special precision in the performance of all work.

Step 2. Make a template. It is made from pieces of thin plywood, fiberboard or thick cardboard. The length of the template should be equal to the width of the house block, the width of the template should be within 10 cm. Cut a rectangle of the correct shape from a piece, attach it to the end of two boards so that the line of symmetry of the template is exactly at the junction of the boards.

With a pencil on the surface, draw the profiles of the front parts of the house block. You should end up with something like the letter M.

Step 3. Flip the board with the convex face down, place the template on the flat back and copy the outline. Make sure that the sharp ledge is located exactly in the middle of the board.

Step 4. Use an electric jigsaw to carefully cut the outline. The front side of the house block is semicircular, it is rather difficult to keep the board motionless. You can make a special device with a recess along the radius of the board, if you don't want to do this, then use various materials at hand to fix the position of the board.

Step 5.

Place the board at the upcoming joint. It will not be possible to adjust the connection the first time; you will have to do it in two stages. If you cut the profile for the template correctly, then the gaps in the joint will not exceed 3-4 mm, but they should also be eliminated.

Step 6. Insert the prepared blank and the tenon, slide it all the way into the sheathed surface of the wall.

Step 7. With a sharpened pencil, draw a new, more precise outline. To do this, the pencil must be pressed along its entire length to the front of the profile and slowly move it along the surface of two blocks of houses. The tip of the pencil at this time should draw a line on the workpiece. With this simple operation, it will be possible to take the exact dimensions to fit the inner corner.

Step 8. Place the board again on a level place, hold it steady. Using an electric surface grinder, remove excess parts from the end of the house block. Working with a sander is easy, but noisy and dusty.

Use a fine sandpaper to remove any burrs from the face.

You can take the exact dimensions of the boards along the length only after adjusting the connection in the corner, do not forget about this. Practice shows that already at the 5-6th connection, experience appears, the work goes faster. It must be remembered that materials from well-known manufacturers should be purchased for such cladding. The thickness, radius of bulge and width of the boards must be the same. Unfortunately, not all woodworking companies can meet high quality requirements.

That's all, we assure you that the connection will be perfect. Of course, it will take a lot more time.

Important. Be sure to re-soak the ends of the fitted boards with antiseptics. This applies to all cutting cases, not just corners.

Finishing the outside corners

The prerequisites for cladding the house are the same - the perfect accuracy of the position of the rows. If for the inner corners of the plane the connection of the house block on the adjoining walls occurs along the line of symmetry of the board, then the position of the locks for the outer ones should be at the same level.

The connection is made by sawing the ends at an angle of 45 °. Depending on the parameters of the facade walls, this angle may increase or decrease slightly. There is no need to measure very accurately.

There may be a gap on the back side at the junction, the main thing is that it is not on the front. Further, everything is unchanged - remove the burrs and protect the ends from rot.

We recommend using this professional method of joining in the corners when decorating the interior of the house. If outside it is allowed to use multi-colored boards to close simple connections, then designers prohibit their use during interior decoration.

Installation without insulation

Recommended to be used for finishing well-insulated external walls buildings.

This technology reduces the total estimated cost of construction work and shortens their time. There are no fundamental differences in technology. If, during work with heaters, the installation was accurately performed for the main lathing, and the counter lathing was done automatically, then here you need to correctly fix the slats for the house block.

The most difficult areas of finishing are door and window openings. Work very carefully.

Take all measures to prevent water from entering between the wall and the sheathing.

Video - Installation of a block house